1.
in addition to rainfall, the mogollon and
hohokam cultures used flood-plain irrigation or a system of floodgates and
canals drawing upon streams to provide water for
their crops.
2.
which of the following food sources were
important to the inhabitants of the Arctic and Subarctic regions? caribou, berries, and whale.
3.
What was the name of the great city associated
with the Mississippian culture? Cahokia
4.
How did the geographic climatic diversity of the
America affect the transfer of plants and animals? it
slowed down the spread of corn production from South America to Mesoamerica.
5.
The term matrilineal
refers to a society in which women control property and family lineage.
6.
True of False. Before European contact, the
Americas had been free of tuberculosis and pneumonia. False
7.
When did the earliest settlers of the Americas
migrate across the Bering Strait? The Ice Age.
8.
The Numic-Speaking peoples of the Great Basin
often banded together in family groups of up to 50 people.
9.
For survival, most plaints communities relied on
foraging and/or hunting. True.
10.
Which of the following landscaping projects was
not undertaken by pre-contact native peoples in North America? Enriching soil in the Amazon region with charcoal and a
variety o other organic materials.
11.
Although the cultural significance of the mounds
built in the Ohio and Mississippi river valleys is not completely understood,
archaeological evidence points to their use as funeral
sites.
12.
How did early humans living in the Americas
adapt to the end of the Ice Age? They began to hunt
smaller animals.
13.
How did some well-known Americans of the
eighteenth century show their interest in earlier civilizations? They collected artifacts excavated from the mounds.
14.
Which of the following was the Aztec capital
Tenochtitlan noted for? Canals and causeways.
15.
Cities in ancient Mesoamerica
serves as centers for religious rites, the production of needed goods,
and the distribution of agricultural surplus.
16.
True or False. The lack of domesticated large
animals, which initially spared Native Americans from many diseases, made them
more susceptible to the diseases the Europeans had immunities to. True.
17.
Which of the following statements about the
Amazon rainforest is incorrect? The Amazon is a vast
region of natural growth untouched by human manipulation.
18.
Which of the following represented a primary
means of survival among the natives of the Pacific Northwest and
Subarctic/Arctic? Fishing.
19.
By the fifteenth century, the Algonquins who
lived in communities along the East Coast had adopted the use of agriculture.
20.
How did early native people in the Americas
alter the physical environment to support large-scale agriculture? They cut terraces into the Andes to increase the amount of
farmable land.
21.
Which crop, introduced from the Americas,
dramatically changed northern European life? Potatoes.
22.
What social characteristics did the abundance of
food in Mesoamerica produce? A highly complex and
stratified social system.
23.
How can the Olmec civilization best be
described? Complex and Urban.
24.
Which culture is the settlement of Paquime in
present-day Chihuahua believed to have descended from? Mogollon
25.
Native people in the Americas began developing
agriculture through a process of accident and
experimentation.
26.
Which plants did Native Americans develop? Corn.
Chapter 2
1.
One of Martin Luther's more radical beliefs was
that everyone should read the bible.
2.
In 1519 the Spanish conquistador Hernan Cortez made the first European contact with the
Aztecs, who rules a vast empire in what is now Mexico.
3.
One of the advantages that allowed the Spanish
to intimidate and eventually defeat the Aztecs was advanced
metal weaponry.
4.
Which of the following statements about early
modern Europe are correct? For most people, life was
brutal, dangerous, and short. Nobles and aristocrats enjoyed incomes hundreds
of times larger than those of commoners. The authority of local lods over their
lands was nearly absolute.
5.
Much of Spain's imperial wealth came from silver mines in Mexico and Peru.
6.
The Black Death
and the growth of the Ottoman empire reduced Portuguese access to traditional
sources of slave labor for their sugar plantations.
7.
Who controlled Saharan African trade routes in
the fifteenth century? African Kingdoms
8.
While intent on protecting their interests, the
Africans were also eager to trade with the
Portuguese.
9.
By the mid-sixteenth century, the Spanish empire
had defeated the great civilizations of the Americas.
10.
Unlike the benevolent and merciful God of the
reformer Martin Luther , the God of the
theologian John Calvin was omnipotent and controlling.
11.
Which of the following statements concerning
slavery in medieval Europe are true? Owning slaves was
a status symbol. Slave were typically female. Slaves often came from Slavic
lands; hence, the word slave.
12.
Which of the following does not represent a
cultural advantage of the Spanish over the Aztecs? Knowledge
of diseases.
13.
Some of the worst violence associated with the
religious wars of the sixteenth century took place in France
, there the persecution of the Huguenots occurred.
14.
Which of the following was not a major reason
for early Spanish explorer's interest in the lands and peoples of the New
World? opportunities to develop trade relationships
with the natives.
15.
Which of the following were positive results of
the bubonic plague? More available land, increased
wages, lower prices.
16.
When has slavery been an important element of
the world labor market? from ancient times to the
present.
17.
By sixteenth century, England had adopted the Protestant Christian faith.
18.
Prince Henry "the Navigator" of Portugal was the driving force of his kingdom's
overseas ventures in the fifteenth century.
19.
The mines in the Spanish New World were worked by black slaves, white workers, and Indians.
20.
What was the first continent to experience
Europe's expansionist activities? Africa
21.
Juan Ponce de Leon landed in what is now Florida on the
North American continent.
22.
In the fourteenth and fifteenth centuries,
Europe had a mostly rural population.
23.
The struggle to subdue and colonize Ireland set the stage for later English efforts to
conquer parts of the New World.
24.
The English justified their conquest of
neighboring lands by arguing that their civilization
and Protestant religion were superior.
25.
One of the lasting consequences of the
Protestant Reformation was that it led to religious schisms.
26.
The artist John White
, who was appointed governor of the second Roanoke colony, hoped his leadership
would allow settlers and Indians to coexist peacefully.
27.
Which of the following statements about the
overall history of slavery is most accurate? Slavery
has existed throughout human history and has taken various forms.
28.
What was threatened by inadequate infrastructure
and constant warfare in early modern Europe? the food
supply.
29.
Which of the following best summarizes the
Calvinist belief in predestination? God has already
chosen, or predestined, certain people for salvation.
30.
By the late fifteenth century, the focal point
of European sugar production shifted to the Azores and other islands in the
eastern Atlantic
that were noted for their rich, volcanic soil.
31.
During the thirteenth century one of the ways
that the Catholic Church expanded its influence and wealth was through the sale
of indulgences , which promised to shorten the
time spent in purgatory after death.
32.
The 1578 charter granted to Humphrey Gilbert
game him permission to explore America but failed to
recognize native claims to the land.
33.
Which of the following did Europeans introduce
to the New World? bananas, horses, hogs.
34.
What precedent did early English conquests in
Europe set? a willingness to treat natives cruelly.
35.
True of False. The fear of a native revolt in
the colony of Roanoke led English settlers to appease the natives. False
36.
The dominant Islamic empire during the
fourteenth and fifteen centuries was the ottoman
empire.
37.
The English Reformation, unlike that in other
Protestant nations, took the form of monarchial
rebellion against the papacy.
27.
The cruelties of the Spanish fueled the belief
that the American Indians would welcome the English as benevolent
masters.
28.
In addition to exploring Peru, Hernan de Soto
led an expedition through was is now the southeastern
United States.
29.
Ferdinand and Isabella agreed to support the
voyage of Columbus after they completed the reconquista, which was achieved
when they took the kingdom of Granada in 1492.
30.
The European trend toward the expansion of royal
power began in France, Spain, and England.
31.
The wealthiest and most advanced country in the
world in the mid-fifteenth century was china.
32.
Which of the following best summarizes Calvin's
and Luther's views on the role of Christians in society? Luther believe that Christians should accept
the existing social order, whereas Calvin taught that they should reshape
society.
33.
The Christian conflict in Europe known as the
Protestant Reformation embroiled European
kingdoms in disputes that distracted them from schemes of colonization and
conquest.
34.
after creating the Church of England, King Henry
VIII made the shrewd political decision to name himself
the head of the church.
35.
The Spanish empire in the New World was governed
primarily by bureaucrats.
36.
One of the consequences of political
centralization in Europe was a better ability to manage
colonies.
37.
Virgin-soil epidemics, which occurred frequently
in the New World, were devastating outbreaks of disease in which the afflicted people had never before been exposed.
38.
New ships called caravels
allowed the Portuguese to sail down Africa's western coast with greater speed.
39.
The conquest of which country served as a model
for England's colonization of America? Ireland
40.
According to John Calvin, the achievement of
success in one's worldly indicated the bestowal of
God's favor.
41.
In his plea to the queen to settle America, the
English clergyman Richard Hakluyt made all of the following arguments except that it was imperative to counter the growing French threat.
42.
Which of the following best identifies Prince
Henry the Navigator's purpose in encouragning overseas exploration? to establish direct contact with West AFrica and thus
circumvent the expensive trans-Saharan trade.
43.
Why did the Roanoke leader Wingina favor
establishing a relationship with the English? he sought
regular access to their trade goods.
44.
Which of the following best explains why royal
geographers in Portugal rejected Columbu's plan for a westward voyage? They knew that the earth was round but believed that it was
much larger than Columbus estimated.
45.
In order to obtain trading privileges, the
Portuguese had to pay tribute or taxes to African leaders.
46.
True or False. Following the conquest of the New
World, people from Spain immigrated in large numbers. false.
47.
With whom did the Portuguese establish
partnerships in Africa? high-ranking africans on the
coast.
48.
True or False. The native inhabitants of
Virginia were not exposed to European people or commodities until Walter
Raleigh's 1584 expedition. False
Chapter 3
1. the spanish would have ceased their efforts to
colonize New Mexico had it not been for
the Franciscans, who convinced
the king they had a religious duty to stay.
2. which of the following characterized planters' lives
in the britihsh west inidies after sugar cultivation began?
a population in wihch africans gereatly outnumbered the
english
fear of servant mutinies and slave rebellions
lack of land for planters' sons to establish
their own farms
3. the virginia company of london was a joint stock company
4. wich crop generated the greatest profits for england
in the americas?
Sugar
5. although georgia's founders initially outlawed liquor
and slavery, they eventually relented under pressure from settlers.
6. what laws did england pass in the 1660s and 1670s to
regulate the shipping and marketing of colonial goods?
the navigation acts
7. how did chesapeake leaders in the mid-1700s encourage
racial unity among whites of various classes?
by instituting new laws that treated white
servants differently from black slaves
by improving the economic situation of freed
servants
by grantics most white males the right to vote
8. the english defeat the powhatans opened up thousands
of acres for tobacco production in virginia
9. which caribbean colony was home ot many of the
original settlers of south carolina?
Barbados
10. which of the following are true statements about the
franciscan presence in spanish north america?
the fransiscans'
tole in seeking to convert native americas began in the early days of spanish
exploration
the royal
administrators convinced the native peoples to accept the fransiscan missions
the franciscans
played key roles in the settlement of both florida and new mexico
11. which of the following plagued early jamestown?
the unwillingnes of settlers to work
12. the name of the native leader associated with the
pueblo revolt was pope.
13. the explorer associated with the first attempt to
colonize new mexico was onate
14. georgia's founders hoped to create a colony that
would serve as a home for the "worth poor"
15. true or false. one indirect result of the 1622 war
between the powhatans and the english was the decision by james I to renew the
charter of the virginia company of london
False
16. which of the following marked chesapeake society
after 1690?
political cooperation between new arrivals and existing
leaders in virginia
sharing of power between catholics and
protestans in maryland
17. how did new laws adopted in the late seventeenth
century affect race relations in the chesapeake?
they made sexual relations between whites and
blacks illegal
18. the franciscan order played an instrumental role in
the settlement of which two spanish colonies?
florida
new mexico
19. the yamasee war prompted south carolinians to seek
new economic endeavors, including the cultivation of
rice.
20. which monarch was restored to the english throne in
1600?
charles II
21. to lure settlers, georgia's founders offered them
which of the following?
supplies
tools
land
22. which of the following is NOT a reason that planters
in the chesapeake began to invest more heavily in slaves than in servants after
1680?
slaves were less expensive than servants
23. which region served as the center of the slave trade
in africa?
the gold coast
24.which of the following reasons was the most important
in sparking the pueblo revolt?
the rise of a charismatic leader known as pope
25. in which of the following ways did the growth of the
slave trade effect african society?
the slave trade affected africans living in the interior as
well as those living in coastal areas.
the growing slave trade led to the
organization of new political states in africa
26. true or false. coode's rebellion in marland and
bacon's rebellion in virginia were revolts largely over the issue of allowing
slavery
False
27. what effect did the navigation acts have on the
chesapeake?
they created crushing debt for many tobacco
planters
28. the middle passage resulted in which of the
following?
nightmarish conditions for the black men,
women, and children who were squeeed into the ships
the death of approximately 15% of enslaved
africans during the journey
29. by the 1660s, which of the following problems beset
colonists in the chesapeake region?
overproductions of tobacco, which led to lower
prices
political conflict between landowners and
landless free men
greater mercantilistic control over colonial
trade by parliament
30. the crop most associated with colonial virgina was tobacco
31. an epidemic of small
decimated the pueblo population in the 1660s
32. which english colony was founded as a religious haven
for catholics?
Maryland
33. why was control of florida so important to the spanish?
it would allow them to prevent european rivals
from sailing along the atlantic coast
34. in the late 1600s and the early 1700s,the english in
the carolinas
partnered with local native allies to enslave
other indians
desired to grow crops tended by african slaves
35. between 1700 and 1850, the transatlantic slave trade
primarily imported african slaves to
the caribbean islands and brazil
36. mercantilists believed that establishing colonies
would allow european nations to maintain a favorable
balance of trade
37. the winter 1609-1610 in jamestown was marked by which
of the following?
martial law
starvation
disease
38. what were headrights?
land grants given to encourage immigration in
the chesapeake
39. why did the natives of new mexico revolt against the
spanish in 1680?
the spanish exploited their labor
40. which was the religious order associated with the
spanish settelment of florida?
the fransciscans
41. in 1715 the yamasee tribe attacked english
settlements in teh carolinas because they feared that the english would seek to enslave them.
42. the spanish would have ceased their efforts to
colonize new mexico had it not been for
the franciscans, who convinced the king they
had a religious duty to stay.
43. which of the followings correctly identifies a major
problem in the british went indies during the seventeeth century?
a high death rate from disease
44. to what does the term "middle passage"
refer?
the trip by sea from africa to the americas
45. true or false. one indirect result of the 1622 war
between the powhatans and the english was the decision by james I to renew the
charter of the virginia company of london
False
46. true or false. coode's rebellion in maryland and
bacon's rebellion in virginia were revolts largely over the issue of allowing
slavery.
false
Chapter 4
1.
The purpose of the indian college founded in
1655 was to instruct young Puritans in Wampanoag culture.
2.
As a step toward expanding the territory under
their control, the French helped broker a peace between the Iroquois and the rival Indian nations.
3.
When the separatists left Holland the intended
to sail to Virginia, but they landed at Plymouth.
4.
The 1688 coup detat that placed william and mary
on the english throne is known as the Glorious Revolution.
5.
By 1700, what was the size of the population of
New England? 50,000
6.
In 1664 the dutch colony of new netherlands
surrenedered to the invading English fleet.
7.
Which city became the most important commercial
and cultural hub for the English empire in North America? Philadelphia
8.
The puritans who migrated to North America
during the 1630s under a wave of persecution by Charles I tended to be better educated, wealthier than the Pilgrim Separatists.
9.
The Wampanoags, still weakened by the of 1620,
nonetheless agreed to help and instruct the outbreak starving
Pilgrims.
10.
Assertive Puritan women were sometimes accused of being witches.
11.
Which religious order established missions for
Native Americans in French Noth America? The Jesuits
12.
The Navigation Acts
of 1660 outlined England’s policies for colonial trade.
13.
Identify the English king who lost the throne
and went into exile in 1688. James II.
14.
By 1700 population growth in New England was
occuring primarily as a result of natural increase.
15.
The Mayflower
Compact served as the framework for the pilgrim’s government.
16.
The French were most interested in obtaining fur from Native Americans in exchange for European
commodities.
17.
Which the following were represented in the
diverse mix of faith and denominations in New York? Quakers,
Catholics, Lutherans, and Jews.
18.
Why did Wampanoag chief Masasoit agree to help
the Pilgrims in 1621? He sought European goods and
alliances.
19.
In the mid-seventeenth century, the French came
to realize that controlling the Mississipi River
might allows them to dominate all of North America.
20.
Upon ascending to the English throne, William
and Mary reinstated representative assemblies in the
colonies.
21.
True of false. By the end of the seventeenth
century, the city of New York had emerged as the center of the English empire
in the New World. False
22.
In 1688 King James II added New York and New Jersey to the newly created Dominion of New
England.
23.
In 1660 England began to establish a coherent
policy to regulate economic life in the
colonies.
24.
True or False. The Franciscans were the most
active missionaries among the native population in the French colonial empire. False.
25.
While they were few and far between in the
Chesapeake, churches were common in New England
and became the center of community life there.
26.
New Jersey became more diverse when English Quakers settled alonside Puritans who had come from
Connecticut and Long Island.
27.
Which region proved more hospitable to
seventeenth-century English settlers than the Chesapeake? New England.
28.
The Wanpanoags, still weakened by the epidemic of 1620, nonetheless agreed to help and
instruct the starving Pilgrims.
29.
Who was the first governor of Massachusetts? John Winthrop
30.
Following the Glorious Revolution, William and
Mary eliminated the Dominion of New England.
31.
True of False. One distinctive feature of early
Pennsylvania was the relative peace that existed between settlers and Native
Americans. True.
32.
The Quaker leader William
Penn was the founder of Pennsylvania.
33.
All of the following characteristics helped
establish order and stability in the life of New England settlers except the wide dispersal of farmsteads.
34.
In New England, heads of households were
typically not indentured servants.
35.
Members of the religious group commonly known as
Quakers were scorned because they refused to
participate in war or doff their hats to social superiors.
36.
The governmentof the Plymouth Colony was
established by the Pilgrims.
37.
The Glorious Revolution established the
authority in Parliament in the goerning of
England and its colonies.
38.
The English government established
vice-admiralty courts to stifler the common colonial practice of smuggling.
39.
Who founded Rhode Island after fleeing
Massachusetts because of his radical views? Roger
Williams
40.
Seventeenth-century Puritans were subdivided
into Presbyterians and Congregationalists, who differed with each other on the
issue of church organization.
41.
The French hoped that their native allies could
help prevent encroachments on their territory by the Spanish
from the west.
42.
The colonists turned against the Narragansetts,
their former allies, in order to intimidate them into giving up their land.
43.
In Pennsylvania the Quakers’ belief in pacifism and their conviction that Native Americans
rightfully owned their land led to peaceful relations between Indians and
settlers.
44.
At the beginning of the eighteenth century, royal power was weak in the English colonies.
45.
The first permanent settlement established by
the French in North America was located in what is now Nova
Scotia.
46.
All Puritans, wether Presbyterian or
Congregationalist, believed in the teaching of John
Calvin.
47.
Because they shared core religious values and a
history of persecution in England, the settlers
of Massachusetts displayed a strong sense of community.
48.
In fighting the Pequots
in 1637, the colonists set a large village on fire and watched the inhabitants
burn.
49.
The English government established
vice-admiralty courts and the Board of Trade in order to tighten control over the colonies.
50.
The Beaver Wars, which pitted the Iroquois
League against the French and other Native American tribes, ultimately devasted
New France.
51.
Two key factors leading to the Beaver Wars were
an increase in arms trade and a small epidemic.
52.
What was the main institution concerned with the
protection of public morality in New England? The
Church
53.
Which of the following Europen commondities had
the most significant effect on Ntive American life? Metal
Tools
54.
Seventeenth-century Puritans were subdivided
into Presbyterians and Congregationalists, who differed with each other on the
issue of church organization.
55.
The colonies of New England were relatively
democratic because town decisions required unanimous
consent.
Chapter 5
1.
Slaves in the Chesapeake
region generally worked on plantations of 20 or fewer total slaves.
2.
While controversies spawned by the evangelical
movement splintered churches in the North, by
the mid-eighteenth century revivalism gained enthusiastic new audiences in the South.
3.
Using the task
system instead of gang labor allowed slaves in the low country to enjoy a
greater degree of freedom than slaves elsewhere.
4.
Which of the following statements regarding
wealth in colonial America is not accurate? There was
more of a gap between rich and poor than in France or Spain.
5.
A joint expedition of military men and Franciscan friars were the first Spanish explorers to
permanently settle in California.
6.
Which of the following best describes the
streets of New York and Boston in the eighteenth century? Crowded cobblestone alleys
7.
In 1690, Spain began establishing missions in Texas, hoping to solidify their
relationship with the native Indians in the territory.
8.
Which of the following ethnic groups most
typically settled in the interior of North America? Germans
and Scots-Irish
9.
What prevented Parliament from asserting its
authority in the American colonies before 1760? Its
assumption that its authority had already been established.
10.
Which two denominations experienced enormous
growth in the southern colonies as a result of the evangelical fervor of the
late eighteenth century? Baptist and Presbyterian
11.
Generally, colonists found life in Canada easier than life in France.
12.
The wave of religious fervor that swept through
the colonies during the eighteenth century is known as the first Great Awakening.
13.
Which of the following statements concerning
land ownership in England during the eighteenth century is correct? 2% of the population owned 70% of the land.
14.
Which two states had large low-country
plantations on which slaves typically had infrequent contact with whites? Florida, Arkansas, and Tennessee
15.
What 1729 event shocked and terrified the French
population of Louisiana? Natives and black slaves
joined in rebellion against colonial rule.
16.
True of False. A population increase in
eighteenth-century North America occurred mainly as a result of immigration,
because the birthrate in the colonies as so low. False
17.
A joint expedition of military men and Franciscan friars were the first Spanish explorers to
permanently settle in California.
18.
In the eighteenth century, England’s economy
featured a growing interest in mining.
19.
Why did the French send Pierre Le Moyne
d’lberville to establish French Louisiana?
They wanted to
create a distinctly outpost in the Gulf.
They were
unsatisfied with the progress of their colonies in Canada.
They hoped it would
become a major agricultural center.
20.
During the First Great Awakening, evangelical
ministers were particularly effective at stirring up
emotions.
21.
In the 1750s the most populated city in colonial
North America was Philadelphia.
22.
Which two states had large low-country
plantations on which slaves typically had infrequent contact with whites? South Carolina and Georgia
23.
The ranks of colonial craftsmen, or artisans, included butcher, shipbuilders, distiller,
shoemakers, blacksmiths, and millers.
24.
After New Orleans was founded in 1718, the Company of the Indies brought some 6,000 African
slaves to work on the French plantations in Louisiana.
25.
Which of the following is not a reason for the
Spanish expansion into Texas? To protect the water
supply into northern New Spain.
26.
Slaves in the Chesapeake
region generally worked on plantations of 20 or fewer total slaves.
27.
True of False. As
a result of colonial regulation and administration, the economies of England
and America were similar.
28.
Which of the following accurately describe the
style of preaching employed by evangelical ministries in colonial America?
They employed a
highly theatrical style with both verbal and nonverbal elements.
Sermons sometimes
included vivid and terrifying depictions of eternal damnation.
They enjoyed
enormous appeal among a wide variety of audiences.
29.
In Anglo-French conflict in North America, the
primary advantage of the British was having a
greater number of subjects on the continent.
30.
The Spanish were most concerned about settlers
from which country moving south into California? Russia
31.
Compared with slaves in the low country, those
of Virginia and other areas around Chesapeake Bay were less
densely concentrated, and had more contact with
whites.
32.
Which of the following consequences of Spanish
colonization forced the local Indian populations to abandon their villages? Displacement of native plants caused by overgrazing and
disease epidemics.
33.
Spanish law
required inherited property to be split evenly among the sons and daughters of
the deceased.
34.
In theory, under England’s “balanced constitution”, the Crown and Parliament
represented all levels of English society.
35.
Which of the following advantages made the
Comanches such formidable warriors?
Control of the bet
areas for bison hunting
Access to French
weaponry from Louisiana
Extensive
horse-riding skills
36.
Which English political institution were
colonial assemblies thought to imitate? The Crown
37.
In 1739 the Stono Rebellion, the largest slave
insurrection of the colonial era, occurred in the British colony of South Carolina.
38.
Why did colonial assemblies generally prevail
over royal governors? Governors lacked the resources to
“buy” the loyalty of assemblymen.
39.
They “boy preacher” whose 1739-41 tour of the
North American colonies extended the evangelical awakening to new regions was George Whitefield.
40.
According the “rational Christianity”, God’s
greatest gift to humanity was reason.
41.
Which of the following is not an example of a
way in which women often found economic opportunities in seaport cities? Women organized in groups to demand higher wages and shorter
hours.
42.
Colonists settled the backcountry of British
North American because they needed farmland.
43.
Charleston -> Indigo and Rice. Philadelphia -> Wheat and Livestock.
Boston-> Fish and Timber.
44.
Which of the following best describes the
production of goods in colonial American cities? They
were produced by skilled craftsmen who specialized in a trade.
45.
About how many African Americans participated in
the Stono Rebellion? 100
46.
As slave populations grew during the
mid-eighteenth century, elaborate kinship
networks gradually developed, often uniting slaves on different plantations.
47.
Which of the following best characterizes the
experiences of the American common people? Most
belonged to the “midding sorts”
48.
The French often settled their cultural and
religious differences with the Indians through differences with the Indians
through compromise, or what has been called the “middle
ground” of French-Indian relations.
49.
The evangelical movement was controversial
partly because women and African Americans were
allowed to “exhort”, or testify in public about their faith.
50.
In the middle of the eighteenth century, slaves
made up a majority of the population in
Louisiana.
51.
The two most prestigious and lucrative occupations
for women in eighteenth-century British North America were dressmaker and midwife.
52.
The earliest backcountry settlers moved into western Pennsylvania.
53.
Which of the following best characterizes the
experiences of the American common people? Most belonged
to the “midding sorts”
Chapter 6
1.
On what did the Stamp Act place a tax? All legal documents
2.
Colonists rejected the British idea of virtual representation, insisting instead on actual representation, whereby elected officials would
be directly accountable to their constituents.
3.
Why did Britain leave a standing army in North
America after the Seven Years’ War? Britain wished to
consolidate its gains in the continent.
4.
John Dickinson of Philadelphia urged Americans
to protest the Townshend Acts by consuming fewer
imported English goods.
5.
What traits did the colonists consider to be
“civic virtues?” Simplicity, self-reliance, and an
unselfish commitment to the public good.
6.
The Sugar Act lowered the tariff on foreign molasses from six to three pence a gallon.
7.
Why did George Grenville attempt to reform the
colonial customs system after 1763? He discovered that
the colonial customs service paid out four times more in salaries than they
collected.
8.
The quartering
Act required colonists to accommodate British troops if they were stationed in
their colony.
9.
What made the Stamp Act more infamous than the
Sugar Act? It affected everyone, whereas the Sugar Act
primarily affected New England merchants.
10.
In reaction to British troops’ presence in the
city of Boston after the Liberty riot, most
colonial legislatures decided to stop importing and consuming British goods.
11.
Grenville’s reforms gave which entity power to
enforce any tax law? Admiralty courts
12.
The English politician William
Pitt, noted for his arrogance and egotism, was known as the man who
turned Britain’s fortune around in the Seven Years’ War.
13.
The Corsican freedom fighter Pascal Paoli was believed to have been “bought”,
implying that most of Europe had become corrupt.
14.
According to John Locke, what did property
guarantee? liberty
15.
George Grenville wanted to tax the American colonists because Britain’s national
debt had doubled in the decade after 1754.
16.
In issuing the Proclamation in 1763, the British
made use of natural barriers.
17.
In 1766, British officials decided to move their
troops from the frontier to the cities in part to dampen opposition to the Revenue Act.
18.
In 1774, Parliament passed the Coercive Acts,
known in the colonies as the “Intolerable Acts”.
19.
Why did American colonists resist Parliament’s
desire to tax? They agreed that Parliament had some
authority, but not to tax, since there was no direct representation.
20.
Which of the following was not a provision of
the Sugar Act? Tariffs on imports would be raised
across the board.
21.
True or False.
Once government subsidies started as a result of the Stamp Act and the Sugar
Act, the American economy underwent a serious economic recession.
22.
Many American colonists viewed the Coercive Acts
as proof of a plot to enslave them.
23.
Which of the following was not part of the
British government’s policy reversal that ultimately helped win victory in
North America? Increased deployment of British troops
to cities in the American colonies.
24.
The Virginia assembly approved some of the Virginia
Resolves introduced by Patrick Henry, retaining
the sole right to tax the colony’s citizens but stopping short of outright
resistance.
25.
The Currency Act of 1764 was intended to prevent
Americans from paying British traders in currency whose
value had fallen to less than its face value.
26.
What was the purpose of Proclamation of 1763? To prohibit white settlement beyond the Appalachian
Mountains.
27.
Why did some colonists become interested in the
struggle for freedom elsewhere in Europe? They felt a
kinship with freedom fighters throughout Europe
28.
What even
led to Charles Townshend becoming the new minister? William
Pitt’s failing health
29.
Thomas Paine believed that the battlers of Lexington and Concord
committed colonists to the cause of rebellion.
30.
Which of the following was not a benefit of
Britain’s decision to leave a standing army in North America? The British Empire would become less centralized.
31.
Even though resistance abated in the two years
after the Boston Massacre colonists were still subjected to trial in admiralty courts, which operated without a jury.
32.
What evidence is there that British customs
agents resorted to racketeering? Customs agents would
often demand money in exchange for protection from fees and taxes.
33.
The war began because of a conflict over the
Ohio River valley among the Indians, the English, and the French.
34.
What traits did the colonists consider to be
“civic virtues?” Simplicity, self-reliance, and an
unselfish commitment to public good.
35.
General Thomas Gage
dissolved the Massachusetts legislature in 1774, but it re-formed on its own.
36.
In a Declaration of Rights
and Grievances, written in October 1774, the colonists asserted the
right to tax and legislate themselves.
37.
In his highly influential pamphlet Common Sense, Thomas Paine proclaimed the dawning of
an age of republicanism, denounced monarchy, and called on Americans to revolt.
38.
Why did Pontiac decide to attack British forts
west of Pittsburgh? He embraced Neolin’s call for a
return to tradition and to send the white man back to his own land.
39.
The fall of what French fort isolated other
forts located along the Great Lakes and Ohio valley? Fort
Louisburg
40.
In the wake of Seven Years’ War, American
colonialists and British officials had major differences of opinion on all of
the following except loyalty to the British empire
41.
Colonists were concerned that the Stamp Act and
Sugar Act would take away their rights as English men and women because they
would be tried in admiralty courts.
42.
Why did British troops open hostilities with
colonial militiamen? To seize arms and ammunition
stored by the Provincial Congress
43.
Which strategy did Brigadier General Wolfe use
in defeating the French at the Plains of Abraham? Scaling
the city’s steep bluffs and inspiring Montcalm to fight him outside the city
44.
Why did some colonial newspapers misleadingly
report that the Virginia assembly had approved all the Virginia Resolves
against the Stamp Act? They were trying to get the rest
of the colonies to endorse resistance
45.
In the 1760s a Lenni Lenape prophet named Neolin urged the tribes to resist the spread of white
settlement and return to their native ways.
46.
What circumstance greatly increased the tensions
that led to the Boston Massacre? The presence of 4,000
British redcoats among 15,000 Bostonians was unpopular.
47.
What was the intent of the Coercive Acts? To reassert Parliament’s authority in the colonies
48.
What was the signal that British troops had
moved out of Boston? Two lamps hung from the steeple at
Boston’s Christ Church
49.
Why did Britain’s Opposition believe the
executive branch had become corrupted? A monarchy or an
oligarchy could not be trusted with governing because of an appetite for power.
50.
King George III replaced George Grenville with
the Marquis of Rockingham, who had no desire to
enforce the Stamp Act.
51.
Among those who understood the potential of nonimporation were the artisans, who saw it as a way
to spur domestic manufacturing.
52.
Virginia’s House of Burgesses
took the lead in protesting the Stamp Act.
53.
When the Seven Years’ War ended, American
colonists regarded themselves primarily as citizens of the British Empire.
54.
The commanding officer of the British as
Lexington and Concord was Major John Pitcairn.
55.
Many American colonists viewed the Coercive Acts
as proof of a plot to enslave them.
56.
What bothered American colonists the most about
the Quebec Act? Bordering a British colony that had no
representative assembly
57.
The Declaratory
Act, which accompanied the repeal of the Stamp Act, asserted that Parliament
had the power to make laws for the colonies “in all cases whatsoever”.
58.
Which of the following was an unintended
consequence of the Stamp Act? It united the opposition
to British rule in the American colonies
59.
Which professional groups organized the lower
classes into mobs to protest the Stamp Act? Traders,
lawyers, and artisans
60.
True of False.
The committees of correspondence were established by Samuel Adams to reply
promptly to legislation passed by Parliament.
Chapter 7
1.
What event emboldened the backcountry loyalists
to take up arms against their rebel counterparts? The
fall of Charleston in 1780
2.
In the Declaration of Independence, Thomas
Jefferson though it was no longer necessary to claim “the rights of
Englishmen,” because all men were endowed with natural rights by their Creator.
3.
The loyalists viewed the
radicalism of American resistance as worse than British taxation.
4.
Which of the following statements about the war
in the West are true?
One of the heroes
of the way in the West was George Rogers Clark.
Compared to the war
fought by the Continental Army in the North, the war in the West was a
slideshow.
The war in the West
included battles to capture the outposts at Kaskaskia and Vincennes.
5.
What prompted southern colonists to give their
support to the rebels? The anger felt by many people at
the treatment of colonists by British troops.
6.
A women’s organization known as the Daughters of
Liberty supported independence by harassing outspoken loyalists. Daughters of Liberty
7.
Why did Charlestonians hang and then burn the
body of a fee black named Thomas Jeremiah? He told
other blacks that the British intended to free them.
8.
The British lost the support of loyalists in New Jersey because of their defeats at Princeton and
Trenton and because of the nefarious actions of Hessian mercenaries.
9.
In the fall of 1776, Washington’s army moved
southward across the colony of New Jersey before
crossing the Delaware River into Pennsylvania.
10.
Of the following, which delegate to the Second
Continental Congress was not on the committee to draft a declaration of
independence? Patrick Henry
11.
The publication of Common
Sense by Thomas Paine in January 1776 opened the way for congressional
radicals to pursue independence.
12.
What did loyalists fear would happen as a result
of divisions and instability in colonial society? Civil
war
13.
The American diplomat Benjamin
Franklin was able to sway French opinion toward America by means of his
personal charisma.
14.
What best explains Cornwallis’s defeat at
Yorktown?
Clinton’s hesitation to send the British navy forced
Cornwallis to concede defeat.
The French navy
blockaded British troops.
15.
Why did Benedict Arnold defect to the side of
the British? He was disgusted by the treatment of the
Continental Army by Congress.
16.
What caused the shortage of food and housing in
New York City during the winter of 1776-1777? The
presence of a large army of British troops
17.
After the dispiriting winder at Valley Forge,
the Continental Army received an unexpected boost from the Prussian soldier of
fortune Baron von Steuben, who provided soldiers
with much-needed military training.
18.
What did Greene perceive as he took command of
the southern army? That he could not hold the field
against the British.
19.
Why were British politicians confused about the
“Olive Branch Petition?” It was written incoherently,
allowing for too much ambiguity.
20.
Washington engaged General Howe twice, at
Brandywine Creek and Germantown, hoping to
prevent the British from occupying the rebel capital at Philadelphia.
21.
What agreement did the United States and Britain
sign on September 3, 1783? Treaty of Paris
22.
The siege of Charleston began when Henry Clinton
and his men arrived off the coast of which state? Georgia
23.
It is estimated that the combined
British/Hessian army at the height of the American campaign equaled 80,000 troops.
24.
What two things led the army to curse their
fellow citizens and Congress during the winter at Valley Forge? Congressional disorganization and civilian indifference
25.
True or False.
While General John Burgoyne’s army was marching south from Quebec, New England
militia forces assembled near Saratoga.
26.
What best explains the colonial outrage toward
Britain as General Howe sought to take Philadelphia? Everywhere
General Howe’s men went, people found their homes ransacked.
27.
Why did Washington barricade his army on
Dorchester Heights in March 1776? He did not want to
expose his army to an open-field confrontation with the British.
28.
After the siege of Charleston was complete, whom
did Henry Clinton leave to take charge of the offensive toward Virginia? General Howe
29.
What argument did the American negotiators use
to persuade France to approve the treaty? The Americans
and French represented a united front against Britain.
30.
Whereas General Washington needed a strong
Continental Army, most republican leaders in the Continental Congress believed
that “citizen-soldiers”, who volunteered when
necessary, were essential to the war effort.
31.
Soldiers in the British army came mostly from the lowest rungs of British society.
32.
Why was the defeat of General John Burgoyne at
Saratoga a monumental disaster for the British? It
convinced the French of the viability of the Americans’ cause.
33.
What was the goal of General William Howe and
Lord George Germain in their strategy to take New York City? They hoped to either defeat Washington in a major engagement
or cut American in two.
34.
In a bland mutiny, the Pennsylvania and New
Jersey lines of the Continental Army marched on Philadelphia,
where Congress had convened, in January 1781.
35.
How did most men in the colonies prefer to fight
the British? As members of local militia units.
36.
In 1775, Virginia’s governor, Lord Dunmore,
heightened the fears of whites by offering
freedom to any slave who joined the British.
37.
What best explains the value of militias in the
South? They were instrumental in preventing the British
from restoring political control over the backcountry.
38.
Which of the following statements about the
content of the Declaration of Independence is not correct? It attacked the institution of representative government.
39.
Why did Washington barricade his army on
Dorchester Heights in March 1776? He did not want to
expose his army to an open-field confrontation with the British.
40.
The German mercenary soldiers who helped the
British during the American Revolution were called the Hessians.
41.
What created additional problems for American
troops as they were besieging Quebec in 1775? A
smallpox pandemic
42.
Which of the following was not a way in which
women helped the army? They fought alongside the men in
battle.
43.
After Horatio Gates was defeated at Camden, he
was replaced by Nathaniel Greene.
44.
Even though Lord Cornwallis was victorious at
the battle of Guilford Courthouse, the high
number of casualties incurred by the British convinced him that victory in the
Carolinas was unattainable.
45.
True or False. Courage
and swift action allowed the Howe brothers to gain momentum in the first years
of the Revolutionary War.
Chapter 8
1.
Rhode Island, the last state to ratify the new
constitution, did so after James Madison had submitted
a bill of rights to the new Congress.
2.
Following the American Revolution, the rights of
women and African Americans were not considered by most republicans because women and African Americans
were considered inferior
did not own
property
3.
The Northwest Territory was composed of land ceded to the national government by the states.
4.
Which of the following contributed to the
unstable economic conditions after the war?
Wartime shortage of
goods
Worthless paper
currency
The loss of credit
from Britain
5.
Thos Americans who were most opposed to
ratifying the new Constitution were known as Antifederalists.
6.
The Bill of Rights was ratified within several years after the Constitution was ratified.
7.
In the post-revolutionary period, state
constitutions tried to hold state legislators accountable to the people by
Calling for annual
elections
Creating state
courts appointed by elected legislators or governors
Requiring
representative to live in their districts
8.
How did the war affect aspiring entrepreneurs? They enjoyed new opportunities everywhere.
9.
After the Revolution, Americans claimed
territory as far west as the western slope of the
Appalachian Mountains.
10.
According to republican ideology following the
American Revolution, property was the key to
independence and power.
11.
The Northwest Territory was largely made up the
present-day states of Ohio, Indiana, Illinois, Michigan,
and Wisconsin.
12.
Which of the following was not a provision of
the Bill of Rights? Obligatory quartering of troops in
private homes.
13.
The Jay-Gardoqui Treaty stipulated that the United
States would relinquish all rights to the Mississippi River for 25 years.
14.
Which of the following were the most
controversial issues at the Philadelphia convention of 1787?
Allocating
congressional representation
Resolving the
question of slavery
Deciding how
political power should be divided between the state and national governments
15.
During the 1780s, representatives of the newer
western districts in state legislatures tendedto be
economically representative of their districts.
16.
The rebels who participated in Shays’s Rebellion
believed that government existed to protect property.
17.
In 1786 Captain Daniel Shays led an armed
rebellion demanding the abolition of the upper house of
the Massachusetts state legislature and relief measures for debt-ridden farmers.
18.
Who disputed American western territorial
claims? Both Europeans and Indians
19.
From the republican point of view, the most
urgent problems confronting any government was how restrict executive power.
20.
Which of the following best describes the impact
of the northwest ordinance on Indian tribes living in the region? By creating an orderly system for incorporating territory
into the United States, it exacerbated geographical and social dislocations.
21.
Which of the following is true?
Revealed the
strength of sectional loyalties
Helped highlight
the necessity of altering the balance of power in the republic
22.
The Articles of Confederation granted the power
to levy taxes to state governments.
23.
Antislavery societies in the North were first
founded by the Quakers in 1775.
24.
Which of the following best describes the
mission delegates to the May 1787 convention in Philadelphia initially hoped to
accomplish? To strengthen the national government
25.
Under the Jay-Gardoqui Treaty, the United States
would relinquish rights to the Mississippi River, and the
Spanish would grant trading privileges to American merchants
26.
In the late 18th century, the landed
states were those states that had extensive western
landholdings granted to them via royal charters.
27.
Those who opposed the new constitution for the
United States called for a bill of rights to protect
individuals’ rights against a strengthened central government.
28.
In post-revolutionary America, women found that their rights remained severely limited.
29.
Which of the following best describe the
republican toward executive power? distrusful
30.
Which of the following best describes the
dispute between landed and landless states? Landless
states wanted Congress to restrict the boundaries of landed states.
31.
Which of the following was not a factor that
contributed to discontent among Massachusetts farmers in 1786? The relief package passed by the lower house of the
Massachusetts state legislature.
32.
James Madison’s vision for the government and
structure of the United States can best e described as a national republic.
33.
Most of the delegates to the Philadelphia
convention of May 1787 were from elite backgrounds with
extensive political experience.
34.
True of False. In
post-revolutionary America, men who had once accepted a humble social status
became animated by a new sense of social identity and ambitions.
35.
“Seduction
literature” consisted of books, magazines, and newspapers that promoted the
chastity of women.
36.
Under the United States would relinquish rights
to the Mississippi River, and the Spanish would grant
trading privileges to American merchants.
37.
Which of the following is true?
Revealed the
strength of sectional loyalties.
Helped highlight
the necessity of altering the balance of power in the republic.
38.
According to the terms of the Northwest
Ordinance of 1787, the area
Was allowed a single representative to Congress
who could not vote.
39.
Antislavery societies in the North were first
founded by the Quakers in 1775. Quakers
40.
Most women of the revolutionary period agreed
that the appropriate female domain was the domestic
sphere.
41.
In the decade after the American Revolution, the gap between rich and poor increased.
42.
Which of the following did the British do after
signing the Treaty of Paris? Maintained forts and
trading posts within the US northwestern frontier.
43.
In 1785 the Northwest Territory was surveyed and
divided by Congress into six-square mile townships.
44.
Which of the following best describes the impact
of the Revolution on women? Women discovered their own
skills and resourcefulness by running family farms and businesses.
45.
James Madison argued that a system of checks and balances
would prevent any branch of the national government from exceeding its
authority.
46.
In the post-revolutionary years, the Spanish
attempted to strengthen their influence in North America by forging alliances
with whom? The Indians
47.
Which of the following was not a socioeconomic
change precipitated by independence? The entrenched
elites of the eastern seaboard dominated the economy and politics of the Union.
48.
True of False.
The founding fathers believed that a single national republic was preferable to
a federation of small state republics.
49.
In pre-revolutionary America, the clergy of
established religious denominations were supported by taxes.
50.
The Northwest Ordinance did
not grant civil rights to the Indian tribes who lived in the region.
51.
Which of the following best describes the impact
of private speculation on the development of the Northwest Territory? The Northwest Ordinance was substituted for Jefferson’s plan.
52.
In 1784 Spain sought to strengthen its position
in North America by closing the Mississippi River to
American navigation.
53.
James Madison, along with Alexander Hamilton and
John Jay, responded to Anti-Federalist concerns in a series of essays known as
the Federalist Papers.
54.
Which of the following was not a reason the
founding fathers believed the government of the United States should be
republican in form? A federation of small state republics was more likely to
become indifferent to the concerns of citizens.
55.
Which of the following was an important
republican reform? The dismantling of state-supported
churches.
56.
British imperial intrigues contributed to
Congress’s decision to grant statehood to which colony? Vermont.
Chapter 9
1.
Which of the following facilitated the campaign
for pan-Indian unity? Concerns about the loss of Indian
rivalries.
2.
In spite of their differences, the Republicans
and Federalists agreed on which of the following points?
Rejection of the
two-party system
A view of their
opponents as dangerous, greedy schemers who would sacrifice liberty to benefit
themselves.
Skepticism concerning
the idea that political parties could resolve their differences.
3.
In voting for the declaration of war in 1812,
members of Congress from the South and West hoped to seize additional territory
in Canada and Florida.
4.
Which of the following was a consequence of
white expansion of Indian tribes? A crippling
dependency on white trade goods.
5.
By 1796 even the most minor matters facing
Congress were decided by partisan votes.
6.
What were the two principal sources of
government revenue under Jefferson’s administration?
Land Sales
Tariff Duties
7.
Which of the following was an issue on which
Adams agreed with the Federalists? His own role as head
of the party.
8.
Federalists typically viewed themselves as
opposing the excesses of democracy.
9.
Which of the following was a condition that
encouraged the emergence of political parties in the early republic? Widespread property ownership
10.
Which of the two groups of people lacked
political influence in the early republic? African
Americans and Indians.
11.
Despite the fact that the issues initially
dividing supporters of the Constitution were domestic in nature, what pushed
the nation even further toward the creation of political parties was the
revolution in France.
12.
Which of the following best describes the
significance of the Louisiana Purchase? It effectively
doubled the territory of the United States.
13.
True of False. Even after the Treaty of Ghent
had ended hostilities between the British and the Americans, the British
refused to sever their ties with western Indian tribes. False
14.
Northwest Indian tribes ceded the southern
two-thirds of the area between Lake Erie and the Ohio River in the Treaty of Greenville.
15.
The type of economy that revolves around the
sale of goods and services in markets is known as a commercial
economy.
16.
Which of the following was a proposal of
Hamilton’s financial program? To have the federal
governments assume the debt burdens of the states.
17.
Which of the following constituted major areas
of differences among farmers in the early republic?
Volume of crops
grown
Regional Identity
Crops Grown
18.
Which of the following was a rare occurrence
during parades and holiday celebrations? Exhortations
to transcend narrow party loyalties.
19.
According to Jefferson, domestic concerns would
be most competently administrated by the states.
20.
Which of the following best identifies how party
affiliation spread in the 1790s? From the national to
the local level.
21.
The western disease that was most destructive to
Indian tribes was smallpox.
22.
As a result of the Battle of Tippecanoe,
Tecumseh became convinced that the best way to inhibit white settlement was to play the Americans off the British.
23.
The vote in Congress for a declaration of war
against Britain was almost entirely along party
lines.
24.
True or False. After the declaration of war on
Britain, Congress moved quickly to levy taxes in order to finance the war. False
25.
The highly controversial Sedition Act established heavy fines and punishments for writing,
speaking, or publishing anything of “a false, scandalous and malicious” nature
against the government or its officers.
26.
In terms of geography, the Federalists were the
most powerful and influential party in what region? New
England
27.
Which of the following statements correctly
describes the distribution of wealth in semi-subsistence economy? Though wealth is not distributed equally, differences between
rich and poor are small.
28.
Which American politician maintained that in
spite of the violence and other excesses it unleashed, the French Revolution
was spreading the doctrine of liberty? Thomas Jefferson
29.
Which of the following were major points of
disagreement between John Adams and Alexander Hamilton?
Adam’s behavior as
president
Hamilton’s behavior
as a former cabinet member
Party leadership
30.
In 1797, when the French foreign minister
demanded a bribe in order to negotiate with American representatives over
French attacks on American shipping, the incident became known as the XYZ Affair.
31.
Which of the following was not a significant
factor spurring the rise of political parties during the early years of the
republic? Advertising that demonized opponents of
political parties.
32.
Which of the following best describes John
Adams’s view of, and relationship to, the Federalist party? Though as president he was the leading Federalist, he
disagreed with the party on several key economic and foreign-policy issues.
33.
In 1800, as Federalists looked back on their 12
years in power, their pride in the stability, prosperity, and neutrality
fostered by their party was overshadowed by fear that
they had ultimately lost the battle for America’s future to the undisciplined
rabble, led by Jefferson and the Republicans.
34.
Although the Treaty of Greenville in 1795 opened
up a vast area to settlement, Federalists sought
to restrict western settlement by keeping land prices high and requiring a
minimum purchase of 640 acres.
35.
The salient issues underlying the organization
of the Republican party were disputes over Jay’s Treaty and a tax on whiskey.
36.
Which of the following best describes the
Republican attitude toward government power? Fearful
Suspicion
37.
Which of the following was not emphasized in
most parades and holiday celebrations held in the late 1700s and early 1800s? Nonpartisanship
38.
Which of the following was a provision of the
Alien and Sedition Acts? The president was authorized
to deport aliens suspected of treasonous sentiment.
39.
In making the Louisiana Purchase, Jefferson was
troubled by the fact that the Constitution did not authorize
the acquisition of territory by treaty.
40.
Which of the following was not one of the major
negative consequences of white expansion for Indian tribes? Lack of consumer goods.
41.
Jefferson’s program of “peaceable coercion” was intended to protect the rights of
neutrals without entering into war.
42.
Which of the following was a legacy of
Federalist power? The return of economic prosperity
43.
Which of the following statements concerning
American relations with France during Adams’ presidency is incorrect? At the time of Adams’ presidency, the French maintained a
significant military presence in North America.
44.
What two means did Jefferson and the Republicans
use to encourage westward expansion?
Reducing minimum
tract size
Offering land on
credit
45.
Many white in the first wave of western
settlement were squatters, people without legal
title to the land they occupied.
46.
Jefferson surprised friend and foe alike when he
not only retained but also expanded the national bank.
47.
Which of the following best characterizes the
outcome of Hamilton’s financial program? An economic
success
48.
Jefferson encouraged sales of goods to Indians
on credit as a means of luring them into debt,
the accumulation of which would eventually force them to sell their land.
49.
Which of the following was not a means by which
the British violated American rights as neutrals under international law? The surprise evacuation of western forts.
50.
Which of the following was a condition that
encouraged the emergence of political parties in the early republic? Widespread property ownership
51.
Although at one time Jefferson boldly condemned slavery, in later years he reproached critics of the
institution who sought to prevent its expansion to western territories.
52.
Jefferson and others of the revolutionary
generation condemned political parties as narrow
interest groups that placed loyalty to themselves above a concern for the
public good.
53.
The arrival of the Hartford
Convention representatives in Washington coincided with new of Andrew Jackson’s
victory.
54.
Which of the following was the leading cause of
population growth among white Americans between 1790 and 1820? Natural Increase
55.
The leading role in coordinating the Federalist
party was assumed by Alexander Hamilton
56.
Because Hamilton believed that human nature was
intrinsically selfish, he sought to link the
interests of the wealthy with those of the new
government.
57.
What two means did Jefferson and the Republicans
use to encourage westward expansion?
Reducing minimum
tract size
Offering land on
credit
58.
Which of the following was an issue on which
Adams agreed with the Federalists? His own role as head
of the party.
59.
Which of the following did politically active
African Americans fail to do? Create the first African
American political party
60.
Which of the following best describes
Jefferson’s attitude toward suffrage? It should be
restricted to property owners.
61.
Which of the following best characterizes the
role of newspapers in the political culture of the new republic? Newspaper editors were openly partisan, and their
publications reflected that fact.
62.
Which of the following components of the
Federalists’ economic program did Jefferson eliminate? The
imposition and levying of internal taxes.
63.
Which of the following best characterizes the
key social division in early republican America? The
economic divide between semi-subsistence and commercial economies.
64.
Among the events commemorated by African
Americans in the early years of the republic was the successful slave revolt in
Haiti.
65.
Which of the following facilitated the campaign
for pan-Indian unity? Concerns about the loss of Indian
lands.
66.
The Judiciary Act of 1789 set the number of
members of the US Supreme Court at six.
67.
Which of the following does not describe the
Indian role in the War of 1812? The Indians were able
to unify their forces to fight against the Americans.
68.
Which of the following statements regarding
congressional approval of Hamilton’s financial program is incorrect? Congress approved all details of Hamilton’s financial
program.
69.
While Federalists feared the West as a threat to
order and stability, Jefferson hoped that westward expansion would transform
the United States into “an empire of liberty”.
70.
Americans who feared concentrations of power and
mistrusted cities tended to support semi-subsistence, or barter, economies.
71.
As a result of the Battle of Tippecanoe,
Tecumseh became convinced that the best way to inhibit white settlement was to play the Americans off the British.
72.
Partisan repression that came about after the
passage of the 1798 acts prompted the Republicans to develop a broader
interpretation of freedom of the press.
73.
Which of the following does not describe
Jefferson’s policies toward Indian tribes? He
encouraged them to maintain their traditional culture and values.
Chapter 10
1.
By 1840 cotton from the South accounted for 66% of American exports.
2.
The panic of 1819 was
the first, and biggest, of the nineteenth-century depressions.
3.
Which of the following is true of James Madison?
As president he supported the charter of the Second Bank
of the United States.
4.
True of False.
The best chance for social mobility that most skilled or unskilled workers
could achieve in the mid-1800s was to move up a rung or two on the social
ladder.
5.
Which of the following was not true of
railroads? Railroad rates were lower than steamboat
rates.
6.
American farmers benefited when Europe was at war.
7.
Which of the following was not part of the new
American identity in the early nineteenth century? Organized
Labor
8.
By 1850 almost of all free Americans who were
born in the United States lived in a different state
from where they had been born.
9.
The pressure to increase profits and
productivity led the owners of textile mills to increase
the workloads and cut the pay of the workers.
10.
The Panic of 1819 was caused by the collapse of cotton prices.
11.
All of the following were ardent nationalist
eager to use federal power to promote rapid development after the War of 1812
except Thomas Jefferson.
12.
In the mid-nineteeth century, middle-class
workers tended to view success as reflected by the
number of material goods they owned.
13.
The primary advantage of a growing
transportation network was decreased travel times for
goods and people across the country.
14.
True of False.
The best chance for social mobility that most skilled workers could achieve in
the mid-1800s was to move up a rung or two on the social ladder.
15.
Which of the following was not part of the new
American identity in the early nineteenth century? Organized
labor.
16.
Which two of the following occupations in the
mid-nineteenth century can be described as middle-class positions that afforded
greater social mobility?
Shop Bookkeeper
Bank Clerk
17.
In 1834 individual unions of carpenters,
printers, and tailors came together to form the National Trades’ Union.
18.
Every mill town had waterfall
jumpers, daredevils who developed their own survival techniques.
19.
The primary result of the boon-and-bust cycles
for most Americans was that they came to see prosperity
as temporary.
20.
In the nineteenth century, as the United States
had no legally recognized aristocracy or strict class lines, one of the
greatest symbols of status became material
goods.
21.
The primary push for expansion of the population
westward was the sale of public land by the federal
government.
22.
What was the primary cause of the dramatic rise
in the US population after 1815? Increased Immigration
23.
Growth of the domestic market in the nineteenth
century was spurred by a key even, the War of 1812.
24.
Between 1800 and 1850, the ratio of farmers to
urban dwellers decreased.
25.
By 1860, 5% of American families owned more than 50% of the country’s wealth.
26.
Daring feats performed by Sam Patch and others
were acts of protests against the replacement of
skilled arts by machine labor.
27.
The growth of factories resulted in women
producing fewer goods at home.
28.
Which of the following was true about female
workers in the Lowell mill system?
They lived in company boardinghouses.
Their personal behavior was closely monitored.
They generally worked twelve hours a day, six
days a week.
29.
How did the rise of factories affect workers?
Worker’s status in the community declined.
Workers and management became sharply divided.
30.
How did the spread of factories affect the role
of women in the family unit? Women produced fewer goods
at home than they had before the spread of factories.
31.
In 1847 Robert Hoe and his son Richard perfected
the power press, which revolutionized
journalism.
32.
Who bought most of the public land sold b the US
government in the West? Land Speculators
33.
The primary change after 1815 in producing goods
was the rise of the factory system, with machine-made
goods.
34.
In Gibbons v. Ogden, Chief Justice John Marshall
rules that the federal government had the right to regulate interstate commerce during peacetime.
35.
Which of the following was a result of the Panic
of 1837? The growing labor movement was weakened.
36.
How did changes in communication and
transportation affect agricultural producers?
Their goods could be linked to distant markets.
They were less dependent on bartering their
goods.
They could rely on others to bring their goods to
distant markets.
37.
Which of the following is true of the factory
system? It used and manipulated natural resources as it
saw fit, transforming the local environment.
38.
The first instantaneous communication system was
the telegraph.
39.
One of the most serious problems for the labor
movement was that the workers could not overcome their
own racial, social, religious, and ethnic divisions.
40.
The natural resource that the Lowell mills used
most extensively and whose use had the greatest impact on the surrounding
region was water.
41.
Why was a national communications system
important to the development of a truly national economy? It delivered information between producers and buyers
separated by long distances.
42.
Which of the following is true of the factory
system? It used and manipulated natural resources as it
saw fit, transforming the local environment.
Chapter 11
1.
What proportion of white males during the
Jacksonian era never acquired property? About 20%
2.
Which of the following legal rights were denied
to free blacks in many states outside the South?
Testifying against
whites in court.
Taking any seat on
a train.
Entering some
hotels and restaurants.
Serving on juries.
3.
In Webster’s view, the federal government had sovereign powers in those areas where it had been
delegated responsibility.
4.
In Jackson’s view, the National Bank had no constitutional legitimacy.
5.
Which of the following did Biddle do after
Jackson’s reelection?
Continued to
agitate for a new bank charter and tinkered with markets to the detriment of
the national economy.
Caused the nation
to undergo a financial panic.
6.
A tariff is a tax
imposed by a given nation on goods imported from other nations.
7.
Because most Americans belonged to this
occupational group. Both the Whig and Democratic parties tuned their messages
to appeal to farmers.
8.
How did women participate in the campaign of
1840?
They gave speeches.
They attended
rallies.
They wrote campaign
literature.
9.
One Indian tribe, the Cherokee,
adopted a written constitution in order to ward off expulsion from their land.
10.
In regard to “equality”, most Americans agreed
that the government was responsible for safeguarding
opportunity.
11.
How did Andrew Jackson’s experiences as a
planter in Tennessee affect his attitude toward removal of the Indians from
their lands east of the Mississippi River?
He wished to seize
their land for other white planters.
He recognized the
agricultural value of their land.
12.
A group of Seminole
Indians led by Osceola successfully hid out in the Florida Everglades for many
years before their removal by US troops.
13.
Despite the importance of the market throughout
the United States, the South continued to specialize in agriculture and farming.
14.
True of False.
The financial crisis of 1833 convinced Biddle that he should seek a compromise
with Jackson.
15.
According to politician John
Calhoun, the states retained their sovereignty despite their decision to
ratify the Constitution and enter the Union.
16.
What did the Force Bill do? Reaffirmed the president’s power as commander in chieft of
the armed forces.
17.
To combat white encroachment, some Indian tribes
passed laws preventing members from selling their land
to whites.
18.
The fact that the National Bank often held bank notes from the states gave it the power to
control the currency issued by state banks, thus regulating the amount of cash
in circulation.
19.
To weakened the national bank, Jackson had
treasury secretary Roger Taney do which of the following? Withdraw government funds from the national bank and deposit
then in state banks.
20.
A key difference between Whigs and Democrats was
that Whigs believed the government should be active in economic
and social affairs.
21.
In 1832 Nicholas Biddle did which of the
following?
Applied for renewal
of the national bank’s charter
Supported Henry
Clay instead of Andrew Jackson in the presidential campaign.
22.
According to Daniel Webster, sovereignty within
the Union rested with the people.
23.
Which of these statements would a Whig have been
likely to make?
“The market economy
must not be feared”
“Farmers and
bankers will both benefit from economic growth”
“A well-regulated
economy is good for all social classes”
24.
The primary way that the National Bank
controlled state economies was by controlling the availability of credit.
25.
During the Jacksonian Age of the Common
man,women and African Americans did not have the right to vote.
26.
A group of Seminole
Indians led by Osceola successfully hid out in the Florida Everglades for many
years before their removal by US troops.
27.
Which of the following did Jackson believe about
the executive branch?
The president
should veto bills that might be bad policy in addition to bills that might be
unconstitutional.
The president
should be responsible to the American people.
28.
Which of the following best characterizes
Jackson’s understanding of economics? He understood the
nation’s political situation better than its economic situation.
29.
How, primarily, did US citizens plan to use the
Indian lands east of the Mississippi? Cotton
cultivation.
30.
Southern states, led by Georgia, demanded that
the US government. Clear the titles of agricultural lands
currently held by Indian tribes.
31.
In a direct challenge to Jackson, Biddle applied
for a new bank charter at the height of the 1832
presidential campaign.
32.
The Whigs generally found supporters among
Planters who wished
to sell their crops.
Businesspeople and
others involved in the market.
33.
Aside from military campaigns undertaken by
Indians in Illinois and Florida in the 1830s, significant resistance to removal
had subsided by 1842.
34.
Which of the following statements best describes
the relationship between white industrial workers and blacks in the North? White workers, seeking to maintain or improve their social
status, opposed a prominent role for blacks in the labor force.
35.
Among the Cherokees, mixed-bloods led by John Ross argued for adopting white ways to stave off
removal from their lands.
36.
As Jackson became increasingly wealthy in the
1810s and 1820s, he remained uninterested in the
operation of national economies.
37.
Presidential candidate Andrew
Jackson was a perfect example of the new style of successful politician
because of his humble origins and later exploits as a businessman and military
leader.
38.
Which of the following most accurately describes
the reason why many US citizens and leaders coveted Indian lands in the 1820s? Access to Indian lands east of the Mississippi River would be
boon to southern cotton farmers.
39.
In the North, how much of the total population
was made up of free blacks? A small fraction
40.
Though most prominent politicians continued to
come from the upper classes, middle-class white men exercised an increasingly
important role in politics through voting and
membership in political parties.
41.
What convinced Americans that the government had
a responsibility of improving the economy? The
depression following the Panic of 1819.
42.
The lasting significance of the election of 1824
was that it eroded public confidence in the original
party system and led to broader popular participation in national elections.
43.
Which of the following statements describes
white society in the North?
Less prosperous
whites were more likely to exhibit racism.
It was divided
between those who owned land and those who did not.
44.
The growth of government influenced party politics
because new public bureaucracies created jobs often
staffed by party loyalists.
45.
As coherent party platforms became regular
features of election campaigns, the link between politicians and the desires of
their constituencies became stronger.
46.
As Jackson characterized it in his Farewell
Address, removal was beneficial for the Indians because whites could no longer harass Indians, and Indians would benefit from
government care.
47.
Which of the following statements best describes
Jackson’s philosophy concerning federal management of the national economy? Central control of the economy would enrich bankers at the
expense of most Americans.
48.
What was the purpose of the free black leader
David Walker’s Appeal to the Colored Citizens of the World (1829)? To encourage slaves to use violence to end slavery.
49.
With regard to nullification, the response of
most southern states was generally negative.
50.
Between 1824 and 1832, federal tariff rates on
imported goods were increased.
Chapter 12
1.
What strategy did the organizers of the American
Temperance Society employ to reduce alcohol consumption? They formed local societies comprised of people who
voluntarily pledged not to drink alcohol.
2.
Which of the following were leaders in both
women’s rights AND the abolitionist movements?
Elizabeth Cady
Stanton
Abby Kelly
Grimke Sisters
Lucretia Mott
3.
Protestant reject the Catholic doctrine of transubstantiation, or the belief that bread and wine
consecrated by a priest literally become the body and blood of Jesus Christ.
4.
Which statement best describes the relationship
between gender and evangelical church membership between gender and evangelical
church membership in the early to mid-nineteenth century? Women typically joined evangelical churches before men.
5.
The movement of the 1830s and 1840s that
emphasized feeling over reason and the spiritual communion with nature is
called Transcendentalism.
6.
Which of the following beliefs is associated
with evangelical Protestantism of the first half of the nineteenth century? Individuals can secure their own salvation through pious
behavior and faith.
7.
Which of the following are Mormon practices or
beliefs that set the religion apart from most forms of Christianity?
Polygamy
Eternal Marriage
Baptism for the
Dead
8.
The European movement that came about as a
reaction to the Enlightenment and that emphasized emotion, the individual, and
nature is called Romanticism.
9.
True or False. Many middle-class women who tried
to live up to the ideal of domesticity found it confining because they had too
much leisure time.
10.
Which of the following statements about the
women’s rights and abolitionist movements are correct?
Many advocates of
women’s rights identified with slaves as victims of male tyranny.
Female
abolitionists were criticized for speaking to audiences that included both men
and women.
Divisions over the
issue of women’s rights led to a split within the abolitionist movement.
11.
Lewis Tappan led
the effort to found the American and Foreign Anti-Slavery Society.
12.
Which of the following best describes how
conservative abolitionists wanted to end the institution of slavery? Gradually, by raising money and lobbying established
institutions like churches.
13.
The name of William Lloyd Garrison’s
abolitionist newspaper was The Liberator.
14.
Which of the following is not a distinctive
tenet of Catholicism? Belief in an imminent millennium.
15.
What position on slavery did the leaders of
black evangelical churches in the urban North typically take? The opposed slavery.
16.
Among which of the following groups would one be
unlikely to find abolitionists?
Businesspeople
Agnostics
Older People
City Dwellers
17.
Which of the following statements best describes
how Whig politicians best describes how Whig politicians initially responded to
reformers?
They did not
embrace reform because they had to balance the needs of supporter with
different ideas of evangelicalism, slavery, and other issues.
18.
In 1836 the House of Representatives passed a
law that prohibited the discussion of slavery on the floor of the House. This
law known as the gag rule.
19.
How did early nineteenth-century evangelical
leaders like Lyman Beecher differ from the next generation of evangelical
leaders? They were not particularly concerned with
political issues.
20.
Which of the following best describes the
relationship between Romanticism and Transcendentalism? They were similar movements, but Romanticism developed in Europe before
Transcendentalism developed in the United States.
21.
In 1836 a group of Protestant ministers
published a grotesque account of life in a Catholic convent under the name “Maria Monk”.
22.
In which of the following locations did the
black church thrive in the early to mid-nineteenth century? In the North.
23.
Which of the following best describes William
Lloyd Garrison’s position on slavery? It is a moral
evil and should be abolished immediately.
24.
The Schism of 1840 was a break within abolitionist ranks.
25.
Which of these statements adheres to early
Mormon theology? The ancient church should be restored.
26.
Lawyers, merchants, and manufactures’ were under
pressure to succeed in the North market economy.
27.
The European movement that came about as a
reaction to the Enlightenment and that emphasized emotion, the individual, and
nature is called Romanticism.
28.
Why were many women, such as farmers’ wives and
women in lower-class families, unable to make the “ideal of domesticity” the
center of their lives? They had to work outside the
home.
29.
Which of the following was a core belief of the
Transcendentalists? One should rise sipirtually above
the material world.
30.
Which two of the following US presidents were
Unitarians?
Thomas Jefferson
John Adams
31.
Which statements best describes the shift that
evangelical Protestants underwent in the first half of the nineteenth century? They began to try to reform society’s social ills.
32.
Which of the following statements about
conservative abolitionists is not accurate? They agreed
with William Lloyd Garrison on most issues.
33.
By the 1840s many women felt that their
effectiveness in the temperature and abolitionist movements was limited because
they did not have the right to vote.
34.
One of the goals of Brook Farm was for members
of the community to live a life free of pressure from competitive
institutions.
35.
True of False.
Harriet Beecher Stowe was the daughter of the abolitionist Henry Ward Beecher.
36.
Which of the following statements best describes
the effect of the antislavery movement on the political-party system of the
United States? It weakened the party system because it
created regional divisions within parties.
37.
Which of the following was the most important
independent black evangelical church formed in the nineteenth century? African Methodist Episcopal
38.
Which of the following were characteristics of
the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints shared by evangelical churches?
An emphasis on hard
work, thrift, and self-control.
The belief that
Christ would return to rule the world.
The idea that
salvation was available to all.
39.
What most inspired the poet Walt Whitman? The common people.
40.
What did Henry David Thoreau do to prepare to
write his classic book Walden (1854)? He lived in near
solitude for 16 months.
41.
Which of the following were measures used by
Charles Grandison Finney in drawing individuals to his faith?
Praying sinners by
name.
Holding protracted
and emotionally charged meetings.
Encouraging women
to testify in public.
42.
Why was the temperance movement appealing to
business owners? They wanted sober workers.
43.
Which statement best describes the trend in per
capita alcohol consumption from the Revolutionary Wary through the
mid-nineteenth century? It increased dramatically to
peak in the mid-1830s and fell to pre-Revolutionary War levels thereafter.
44.
Which of the following statements about men and
women in Shaker congregations is not correct? Men and
women socialized freely.
45.
Which of the following aspects of Leaves of
Grass was not remarkable or unusual to readres in 1855?
It was a book-length collection of shorter poems.
46.
Book Farm was one of the many utopian communities established as an example to the
world of how people should live and work together.
47.
Frederick Douglass
was the most prominent of the free African Americans who led the abolitionist
movement.
48.
True of False.
The American Anti-Slavery Society and the American and Foreign Anti-Slavery
Society were sister organizations that worked together to fight slavery in
different regions.
49.
Which statements best represents the view of
Catharine Beecher and other evangelical proponents of women’s education in the
first half of the nineteenth century? Women should
learn how to impart moral guidance to their offspring.
50.
The temperance issue influenced party switching
and brought to the polls a number of “wets,” who
wanted to preserve their right to drink.
51.
By 1850, Catholics made up 8% of the US population.
52.
What did Henry David Thoreau argue in Walden
(1854)? One could be independent only without material
goods.
53.
Why did members of the American Anti-Slavery
Society break away to form the American and Foreign Anti-Slavery Society? They believed that abolitionism should not be linked with
feminism.
54.
True of False.
Temperance was far more divisive than slavery on the national political stage.
55.
Which statement best defines the ideal
“domesticity” that emerged in the first half of the nineteenth century? The elevation of wives and mothers as the keepers of the
home.
56.
The earliest Catholic immigrants in the United
States were French Canadian.
57.
Which of the following were reasons why
socialism failed in the United States in the 1830s and 1840s?
Available land was
too cheap.
General wages were
too high.
The sense of
Individualism was too strong.
58.
Which term best expresses the movement toward
private domestic life and piety among the middle class in Europe during the
nineteenth century? Victorianism.
59.
What did the Maine Law do? It outlawed the manufacture and sale of alcohol in the state
of Maine and imposed stiff fines for doing so.
60.
Why was Elijah Lovejoy murdered in Alton,
Illinois? He refused to stop publishing antislavery
views.
61.
William Lloyd Garrison and other radical
abolitionists supported the formation of the abolitionist Liberty Party as an alternative to the existing
political parties.
62.
Which of the following was a key demand of the
1848 Seneca Falls Convention’s Declaration of Sentiments? The right of women to own property.
63.
How did revivalists keep their followers
engaged? By setting up charitable organizations and
reform societies.
Chapter 13
1.
Where were sugar plantation sint he United
States typically located? Southern Louisiana
2.
Planters in the tidewater area durin gth eantebellum
period
Built substantial mansions in the greek
revival style.
Aspired to emulate the English country
gentleman
Were the source of the legendary image of
the “old south”
3.
The labor system in which slaves worked at their
own pace in order to fulfill a daily quota of work was known as the task system.
4.
Slaves on small farms typically worked beside their owners.
5.
The white southern aristocracy in the antebellum
period was made up of
The “planters of consequence” who owned at
least 50 slaves.
A small fraction of the white population.
6.
The poorest whites typically lived in windowless
log cabins and were often squatters without
title to the land they were on.
7.
In the antebellum south, north Carolina,
florida, Alabama, Mississippi, Arkansas, and teas did not cotain a single city
with a population of 10,000.
8.
Slaves were sometimes permitted to
Earn money by working for others besides
their masters.
Work in nonagricultural jobs
Purchase the freedom of their relatives.
9.
By time the civil war bega, almost a third of
the total cotton crop came from planatation west of the Mississippi river.
10.
Why did the whigs gain support in the south in
1836? Southers voters felt thye could not trust the nortern demoractic nominee
for president. Martin Van Buren, on the salvery question.
11.
A slavehorlder in the tidewater area likely
valued which of the following ? classic architecture, gentlemanly manners,
family lineage.
12.
Tobacco and rice
had been grown in the atlantic tidewater for 150 to 200 years.
13.
In the 1820s and 1830s, white southerners became
more aggressive in defending the institution of slavery.
14.
Why did the economy of the lower south turn to
cotton cultivation in the antebellum period? Northern and European
industrialization increased the demand for cotton.
15.
The labor system in which slaves worked in small
group of 20 to 25 under the supervision of an overseer was called the gang system.
16.
Church services for slaves were
often organized by
masters
a way for masters
to promote good behavior among slaves.
17.
What percentage of white southerners either
owned slaves or were members of slaveholding families by 1860? 25 percent.
18.
In 1836 the democrats nominated the northerner martin van buren, whom the whigs contended could not be
counted on to protect slavery.
19.
Which group did proslavery ideologues seek to
influence with their arguments? Southern slaveholders.
20.
To stop the spread of antislavery propaganda,
southerners
Destroyed antislavery presses
Carefully chose textbooks and faculty in
southern schools
Closed the mail system to abolitionist
materials
21.
According to frederickdouglass, the slave songs
represent “the sorrows” of the slave’s heart.
22.
True or False.
Most slaves rejected Christianity and firmly embraced African religious
tradidions and voodoo .
23.
Which of the following was not a way that slaves
marked marriages? Inventing folktales to symbolize the event.
24.
Which of these characterized the lives of most
slaves?
Lower life expectancy than other Americans.
Inadequate clothing
Rough, drafty shelter
Long working hours.
25.
For plantation owners, which of the following
was a drawback of the gang system? Gangs required the supervision of overseers
and drivers.
26.
What happenred to the price of cotton after the
war of 1812? Itincreased dramatically.
27.
Wich contributed to low literacy rates in the
south?
Wealthy planters hired tutors for their
children instead of supporting public schools for all.
The rural nature of society meant that
education was considered less important.
28.
In which economic sector did more than
three-fourths of southern laborere work in 1860? Agriculture.
29.
True or false. In
the antebellum period, most yeoman farmers owned their own land but did not own
slaves.
30.
Which event did not influence the way that
southerners talked about slavery? The panic of 1837
31.
Which of the following is true about slave
family life? Slaves were expected to choose a partner and establish family
life.
32.
Central Alabama was known as the black belt region because of its dark, rich soil.
33.
Which of the following statements accurately
describe the clothing worn by slaves?
Slaves clothing was made of rough, cheap
cloth.
Slaves received a couple of outfits and a
pair of shoes each year
34.
Which group of slaves experienced the greatest
fluidity between slavery and freedom? Watermen
35.
Which of the following are true statements about
runaway salves?
Slaves sometimes ran away to protest their
treatment
Avoiding punishments was one reason slaves
ran away.
36.
Which of the following were forms of slave
resistance?
Faking illness
Performing subpar work
Stealing the master’s provisions
Mistreating the property of a slave owner
Running away
37.
Which of the following are true statement about
Grabriel Prosser’s rebellion.
It involved a plan to capture the governor
of Virginia.
It failed after a few slaves betrayed the
plot
Prosser and other leaders were caught and
killed.
38.
Cotton growers in the south moved westward in
order to make money by acquiring more fertile land.
39.
Which of the following are true statements about
the agricultural system in the south?
It was a unifying force in the region.
It benefited from the warm climate and long
growing season.
It was based on the institution of slavery.
40.
In which of these state was rice typically
cultivated? South Carolina.
41.
Yeoman farmers
Aspired to be part of the planter class
Often agreed with the planter class
regarding the institution of slavery
42.
The idea that the male slave owner was the
master of his family and his slaves and that he was responsible for their
well-being was known as paternalism.
43.
How did southern whites feel after nat turner’s
rebellion of 1831? Uneasy because they did not know when the next rebellion
might occur.
44.
The nuclear family of two parents and children,
with prescribed gender roles, was the basis of
community life among slaves.
45.
Most free black southerners farmed or worked in unskilled jobs.
46.
The person who supervised slave performance on
plantations was known as the overseer.
47.
Which of the following are true statements about
agriculture in the upper south during the antebellum period?
Improved farming methods helped reverse a
decline in tobacco production.
Wheat and tobacco were both important
crops.
Some planters made a profit only by selling
their slaves.
48.
Slaves on small farms typically worked beside their owners.
49.
Slaves’ songs were
A way in which slaves expressed their
deepest feelings and their desire for freedom.
Central to celebrations as well as daily
routines.
A way to convey secret messages to other
slaves.
50.
The most successful slave revolt in modern
history occurred in the French colony of saint domingue.
51.
Which two crops became the major crops grown in
the upper south in the antebellum period? Corn and wheat.
52.
Wich of the following are true statements about
free black southerners?
They were more often of mixed racial
ancestry than were slaves
They were disproportionately female.
53.
What was the most common kind of punishment for
slaves who did not work to expectation? Whipping
54.
Why wasthe revolt in saint domingue more
successful than other revolts?
Free blacks promoted the ideals of freedom
and equality
The large population of slaves was brutally
overworked.
Slaves were encouraged by the example of
the French revolution.
55.
True. Though it was not evenly distributed,
cotton brought enourmous prosperity to the south.
56.
How did southern state legislatures respond to
nat turner’s rebellion in 1831? They passed laws restricting the rights of free
African Americans.
57.
The cotton gentry of the western regions of the
south during the antebellum period often
Valued hard work and aggressive business
methods.
Desired to move up in society
58.
False. Plantation mistresses enjoyed a life of
ease and leisure.
59.
True. Some masters tried an incentive system to
reward slaves for good behavior and work, though punishments for bad behavior
and work was an always looming threat.
Chapter 14
1. How long did it typically take to
migrate west via the overland trail? Six months
2. The movement of mormon migrants to
the valley of thre great salt lake in 1847 was led by brigham
young.
3. Which of the following was not a
common obstacle during migration on the overland trail? Indian attacks.
4. One morerate positions advocated the
extension of the Missouri compromise line ot the pacific
ocean.
5. The economic power aspect of manifest
destiny played out in the USdesire to control pacific
coast harbors.
6. The whigs accused president polk of
using war with mexico as an indirect means to extend slavery.
7. The daily experience of Indian
laborers working the lands of the missions made them similar to slaves.
8. The compromise
of 1850 succeeded in compelling both northerners
and southerners to make concessions issues related to slavery.
9. The treaty of Guadalupe hidalgo ceded
to the united states about one half of mexico’s
terriroty.
10. John c Calhoun argued that decisions
regarding slavery in the territories could only be resolved throu the creation
of state constitutions.
11. The stae of deseret
was officially established in the valley of the great salt lake in the year
1849.
12. Why did the relationship between
Mexicans and Indians changer after mexico’s independice from spain? Mexico was
unable to offer apache and Comanche leaders gifts to ward off raids on Mexican
communites.
13. Spurred by calls to remember the
Alamo, sam houston’s forces mounted a surprise attack on san anna’s army at the
san jacinto river.
14. President polk encouraged war with
mexico in order to acquire more territory for the
united states.
15. True. Popular-sovereignty advocates
specified that decisions about slavery in the territories should be resolved by
residents of those territories.
16. Despite the apparent success of the
compromise of 1850, the number of congressmen who had voted against some part
of it exceeded 70%
17. Under the assumption that slavery
would fail in the lands ceded by mexico, talor advocated the application of the
Wilmot proviso to the region.
18. Mexico agreed to the treaty after
general Winfield scott capture mexico city
in 1847.
19. The majority of emigrants to
California in the first year of the gold rush traveled via the overland trail.
20. The breakdown of Mexican-indian
relations on th eve of the Mexican-merican war weakened the Mexican government,
which was facing debt and political division.
21. The instability of its central government left mexico unprepared to mount
a unified political front in a war against the united states.
22. The assault that resulted in the
capture of the Mexican commander santa anna took only 15
minutes.
23. In the summer of 1846, a group of
American settlers around sacramento established California as an independent
republic followed the bear flag revolt.
24. The first wave of overland trail
migrants sought setlerment in Oregon, west of the continental divide.
25. Thetreaty of Guadalupe hildalgo left
the united states in control of most of the pacific
coast.
26. Which group contributed to violence
between Mexicans and Indians by purchasing horses and livestock taken from
mexico and supplying Indians with weapons? American traders
27. Rather than taking a position on
slavery, the whigs ran on the military record of their candidate, Zachary taylor.
28. Manipulation of water reinforced the mormons’ sense of hierarchy
and group discipline.
29. Because economic conditions forced many
Hispanic men in California to become seasonal workers, women
played a greater role in sustaining families economically.
30. In 1830, the Spanish-speaking
population of new mexico was about what size? 45000
31. Which of the following countries was
not a significant source of the flood of prospectors who migrated to California
in the early 1850s? Russia.
32. Under henry clay’s compromise, the
slave would become illegal but slavery would
not.
33. Polk’s argument that the united
states was the rightful owner of Oregon was based in part on the fact that
American settlers there outnumbered the brittish
settlers.
34. The admission in 1850 of California as a state shifted the congressional
balance of slave states and free states in favor of the free states.
35. The surge in westward migrations
across the overload trail begain in what year? 1843
36. The republic of texas spurred an
immigration boon during the 1830s and 1840s by offeringfree land to potential settlers.
37. In the election of 1848, the democrats
campaigned on a platform of popular sovereignty.
38. What was the principal business
sector available to chineses entrepreneurs in san Francisco in the
mid-nineteenth century? Laundries
39. Because neither party supported him,
tyler ran for president in 1844 as an independent.
40. True. In addition to cooking,
washing, and taking care of children, women traveling the overland trail
typically had to help with such tasks as wagon repair, standing guard, and
driving oxen.
41. By 1850 the size of the irrigated
area surrounding salt lake city exceeded
16000 acres.
42. Chinese arrivals to californiawere
predominantly young men.
43. In 1850 the percentage of women in
California who worked as prostitutes reached 20%
44. As competition for jobs in san
Francisco increased, so did anti-chinese sentiment.
45. Roughly 80%of the workers who
participated in the California gold rush were Americans.
46. In response to the rapid influx of
foreign workers, California imposed a foreign miner’s tax.
47. Because the borderlands of texas, new
mexico, and California were all more than 1000 miles away from mexico city,
which of the following was true? They were, for the
most part, unsupervised by Mexican authority.
48. On the eve of the us invasion of
mexico, which of the following best describes what was happening? Ongoing violence in mexico had claimed thousands of lives
49. What was the approximate population
on san franciso when the united states took control of California? 200
50. Following the passage of the
compromise of 1850, southern congressional representatives insisted that any
breach of the compromise would be met with secession of all slave-holing states
from the union.
51. True. Some women traveled to the
California gold fields in search of adventure.
52. Some Mexican Americans in Texas
responded to discrimination by stealing from wealthy
whites to benefit poor Hispanics.
53. In 1833 the Mexican Congress
transferred the land holdings of colonial missionaries to Mexican rancheros.
54. One advantage the Mexican military
had over the US military going into the war was a greater
number or soldiers.
55. What was the approximate population
of San Francisco in 1856? 50,000
56. False. Spain developed an elaborate
system of trails and transportation that linked Mexico’s northern frontier to
its growing merchant class in Mexico City.
57. Polk compelled Congress to address
the Oregon issue by doing what? Terminating the joint
occupation.
58. The 1844 democratic platform demanded
the “reoccupation” of Oregon.
59. Rapid and unregulated development in
early San Francisco left almost no land for public
use.
60. True. Despite the demographic
diversity of gold-country miners in California, American attitudes toward new
workers could be described as nativist.
61. The organization of the Oregon
Territory in 1848 revealed a fundamental weakness in the Missouri Compromise.
62. After his arrest, Santa Anna signed
treaties that recognized Texan independence and ordered his troops to move
south of the Rio Grande.
63. Compounding the everyday challenges
that women faced on the overland trail was the lack of female companions.
64. Polk succeeded in his principal
objective of acquiring Puget Sound.
65. Where did 90% of the settlers brought
to Texas by the empresarios come from? The US South.
66. Pro-slavery advocates recognized that
the Oregon Territory was agriculturally
ill-suited to slavery.
67. How often were wagon trains attacked
by Indians of the journey west? Rarely
68. Seeking to avoid potential war with
Britain, President Polk agreed to divide the Oregon Territory along what
boundary? The 49th parallel.
69. Because the Whig nominee from
president was a slaveholder, the “Conscience
Whigs” broke from their party and joined northern Democrats to form the Free
Soil Party.
70. The amendment that banned slavery in
all lands acquired from Mexico was known as the Wilmot
Proviso.
71. False. As the agricultural frontier of the
West grew, a new and unique type of society evolved.
72. Most northerners generally opposed
any challenge to the fugitive slave law for fear
of disrupting the 1850 consensus.
73. President Polk’s vision of a
continental United States hinged on gaining access to all of the following
harbors except Los Angeles.
Chapter 15
1.
The republican Party candidate for president
in1856, John C Fremont, rose to national prominence after liberating California during the Mexican War.
2.
Urban residents recognized the importance of
rail lines in fostering local economic growth.
3.
After drafting the Lecompton constitution,
slavery advocates in Kansas announced a referendum that would allow voters to
choose whether to admit additional slave into the
territory.
4.
The Know-Nothings succeeded in the 1854
elections by drawing support from former Whigs.
5.
Davis responded to the movement of federal aid
to Fort Sumter in the state of South Carolina by
demanding the surrender of the fort.
6.
Passage of the Kansas-Nebraska Act marked the
immediate repeal of the Missouri Compromise.
7.
What group of people were referred to as the
“Know-Nothings”? Members of a secret political party.
8.
Which of the following solutions to the South’s
internal crisis had failed by the 1850s?
Reforming
agricultural methods
Introducing
industry to the economy
Sending military
expeditions to Latin America
9.
One reason that the Republicans nominated
Lincoln for the 1860 presidential election was that he was popular in the North.
10.
Communities needed to link locations in the
country to urban markets.
11.
Douglas’s claim that slaveholders could not
bring slaves into an area without a slave code became known as the Freeport Doctrine.
12.
By 1855 the Know-Nothings had roughly 1 million voters.
13.
In response to the Confederate attack on Fort
Sumter and Lincoln’s attempt to quell the rebellion, four states in the Upper
South seceded from the Union.
14.
The delegates of eight southern states left the
Democratic convention in Charleston, South Carolina, following the adoption of
the Douglas platform of popular sovereignty and their facility to enact a
federal slave code.
15.
Why were party members nicknamed
“Know-Nothings”? They had a certain response to
inquiries about the party.
16.
Following the passage of the Kansas-Nebraska
Act, major parties lost support and independent
parties began to thrive.
17.
After the arrival of railroads in urban
communities, where were businesses and wealthy neighborhoods located? Away from railroads.
18.
What was the initial reaction of Republicans to
Chief Justice Roger Taneys ruling in the Dred Scott case? They denounced it.
19.
Despite winning 180 electoral votes, Lincoln
only won 40% of the popular vote nationwide.
20.
Between 1840 and 1860, railroad construction
shifted from the eastern half of the United States to west of the Appalachian Mountains.
21.
As outlined in the Kansas-Nebraska Act, the
status of slavery in both Kansas and Nebraska would be determined through popular sovereignty.
22.
Which of the following solutions to the South’s
internal crisis had failed by the 1850s?
Introducing industry to the economy
Sending military expeditions to Latin
America
Reforming agricultural methods
23.
Davis responded to the movement of federal aid
to Fort Sumter in the state of South Carolina by
demanding the surrender of the fort.
24.
True. Democratic
voting requirements enabled a southern veto over Democratic candidates in
presidential elections.
25.
Dred Scott sued for his freedom because he had lived in a free state.
26.
Eight out of the ten leading American industries
during the 1850s processed raw materials produced by agriculture.
27.
The transition toward an immigrant labor sector
during the 1850s was most visible in the textile
industry.
28.
What was a consequence of the South’s rejection
of federal aid for economic development? Its alliance
with the West was weakened.
29.
What was the main topic of debate between
Lincoln and Douglas? Slavery
30.
In exchange for cash
crops sold via new rail lines, farmers had unprecedented access to new
manufactured goods.
31.
In the 1850s, how many immigrants came to the
United States? More than 2 million
32.
What happened to Charles Sumner in the US Senate
chamber that gave credibility to Republican opposition toward slavery? He was beaten over the head with a cane.
33.
True. Republicans
argued that the spread of slave labor would ultimately force free labor out of
the territories.
34.
Republicans responded to John Brown raid by publicly distancing themselves from Brown, lest they be
accused of radicalism.
35.
The northern immigration boom affected sectional
politics by increasing northern dominance in the US
House of Representatives.
36.
The expansion of northern wealth through the
control of southern commodities led many southerners to view their region as a
northern colony.
37.
In 1860the United States had invested almost $1 billion in manufacturing.
38.
During the 1850s, southern planters benefited by
selling cotton to Britain.
39.
Many southerners believed that Lincoln would use
federal aid to dismantle slavery in the border
states.
40.
How did the Summer incident affect the
Republican party? It gained support.
41.
Why were southerners concerned about population
growth in the North? They feared that the North would
settler territories in the West.
42.
In his attempt to prevent the Upper South and
Border States from seceding, Kentucky Senator John Crittended proposed an
amendment extending the Missouri Compromise line
of 36°30’
to California.
43.
After the nomination of Douglas at the
Democratic convention in Baltimore, the southern seceders nominated John C. Breckinridge.
44.
The Know-Nothings argued that American democracy
was under threat from an “undemocratic” order within the Catholic Church.
45.
In what year did the southern states formally
establish the Confederate States of America? 1861
46.
As the southern economy grew, in what did
southern planters invest their resources? slaves
Chapter 16
1.
The new infantry weapon introduced during the
Civil War
Shortened the time
that battles were fought.
Allowed soldiers to
fight from greater distances.
Resulted in an
increased number of casualties
2.
By securing victories at Vicksburg, Mississippi,
and Port Hudson, Louisiana, Grant achieved Lincoln’s goal of dividing the Confederacy.
3.
Lincoln responded to the attack on Fort Sumter
by suspending the writ of habeas corpus in
certain areas.
4.
Despite growing pressure to procure total
abolition, Lincoln informed the Republicans that his principal objective was to
save the Union.
5.
In which of the following ways did the
Confederate War Department seek to increase the production of war goods?
Regulated private
manufacturers
Managed mines
Built and ran
factories
6.
By the summer of 1862, Lincoln was increasingly
confident of his ability to take steps toward emancipation
while retaining political support in the border states.
7.
Nearly 500,000
slaves fled to Union lines during the American Civil War.
8.
Over the course of the Civil War, tens of
thousands of northern women began working in government and industry.
9.
In general, the soldiers in the American Civil
War could be described as which of the following?
Farmers and farm
laborers
Young
10.
In abandoning his supply lines in the assault on
Vicksburg, Grand employed the tactics of total war,
which had been rarely used previously.
11.
African-American members of the Union forces
amounted to roughly 10% of the Union’s military manpower.
12.
Republican support for the total abolition of
slavery came principally from the radicals Horace Greeley
and Senator Charles Summer.
13.
When Lincoln allowed for the indefinite
detention of those suspected of disloyalty, he did so without
consulting Congress.
14.
The growth of southern industry under the
Confederate government was accompanied by sharp declines in agricultural production.
15.
The Civil War stimulated the growth of which of
the following manufacturing industries?
Machinery
Clothing
Agricultural
Equipment
16.
Soon after the Civil War started, slaves who
remained in the South challenged white authority and
claimed greater personal freedoms.
17.
In additional to its economic effects, Lincoln’s
proposal to free Confederate slaves also sought to strike a military blow against the South.
18.
As the Union’s government bureaucracy grew
during the Civil War, women filled jobs as clerks.
19.
With 130,000 troops at his command, General
McClellan attempted to take Richmond, the
Confederate capital.
20.
Lincoln was popular with the Union army because
he
Regularly visited
the troops in hospitals and in the field.
Was a gifted
politician.
Effectively
explained the war’s goals.
21.
Blacks who served in the Union forces served in segregated units under white officers.
22.
Shortly after Lee’s surrender, Lincoln was
assassinated at Ford’s Theater by John Wilkes Booth.
23.
Which of the following were reasons that Lincoln
hesitated to pursue a policy of emancipation early in the Civil War?
He did not want to
provoke his opponents in the border states.
He was afraid of
the social upheaval that he believed emancipation would cause.
24.
True. The Union
retained Missouri following a battle in 1862.
25.
An ultimate Confederate victory remained a
possibility in the spring of 1863 as Lee won a victory at the battle of Chancellorsville.
26.
The war cut off the South’s exports of cotton to
Europe, thus opening new cotton-growing markets in which of the following?
India
Brazil
Egypt
27.
In an effort to finance the war, in 1861
Congress passed the first federal income tax.
28.
Before leading the Confederacy, Jefferson Davis
worked as a southern advocate in the US Senate.
29.
After the 1864 election, the emancipation of
enslaved Americans was guaranteed with the passage of the Thirteenth Amendment to the US Constitution.
30.
In making his appeal for wartime mobilization,
Lincoln cast the conflict between the Union and the Confederacy as a battle for
the triumph of the ideals of the American Revolution.
31.
What was the result of the battle at Antietam? The Confederate army escaped after heavy fighting.
32.
General Lee made the “greatest mistake” of his
military career at Gettysburg.
33.
Soon after the Civil War started, slaves who
remained in the South challenged white authority and
claimed greater personal freedoms.
34.
During the American Civil War, the experience of
battle
Strengthened bonds
between enemy soldiers.
Increased the sense
of distance between soldiers and their families at home.
35.
The fund the war, the Confederate government
introduced a tax-in-kind program that took about one-tenth
of farmers’ surplus crops.
36.
The Confederate government primarily funded the
war effort by printing money.
37.
Prior to becoming president of the Confederacy,
Jefferson Davis’s achievements included all the following except fighting for proslavery forces in Kansas.
38.
On his way from Atlanta to South Carolina,
Sherman took the city of Savannah.
39.
Increased tariffs
were intended to help raise money for the cost of the war.
40.
The first major religious revivals among
Confederate troops followed the defeats suffered by the South in the battles of
Vicksburg and Gettysburg.
41.
Confederate leaders’ hope for the support of Great Britain was dashed.
42.
In an effort to raise revenues, the Confederate
government imposed a graduated income tax in
1863.
43.
Confederate officials believed that southern
fortunes would be determined in Atlanta.
44.
After his victory in Atlanta, Sherman intended
to break the South’s will to fight with a 300-mile
march to the sea.
45.
What efforts did Lincoln take to keep Maryland
in the Union?
He suppressed
pro-Confederate newspapers.
He imprisoned
Confederate sympathizers.
He suspended the
writ of habeas corpus.
46.
As declining cotton
supplies threatened European textile industries, the South hoped that Europe
would recognize the Confederacy.
47.
General Lee’s invasion into Union territory
sought to force Maryland into the Confederate
column.
48.
The Second Confiscation Act stipulated that all
slaves of those who supported the rebellion would be
freed if they came into federal custody.
49.
As the Civil War progressed, religious
enthusiasm increased more markedly among Confederate
troops than Union troops.
50.
Although they played an essential an essential
role in the expanding Confederate bureaucracy, “government
girls” were at first paid only about half the wages received by their
male counterparts.
51.
During the invasion of Pennsylvania, Lee sent 14,000 troops under General George Pickett to break
the Union lines.
52.
Lincoln responded to the Second Confiscation Act
by encouraging border states to begin the process of
emancipation.
53.
Retaining the loyalty of the border state of
Maryland was critical for the Union because Maryland was
closer to Washington DC than other border states.
54.
The experience of war transformed the Confederacy; more fundamentally than it did the Union.
55.
Critics of Jefferson Davis argued that his
attempts to centralize power during the Civil War was an assault on the core
Confederate principle of states’ rights.
56.
Discipline and training during the American
Civil War was relatively poor in both the Union and the
Confederate armies.
57.
Copperheads opposed the
draft.
58.
Lincoln decreed that individuals who were
arrested for disloyalty or antiwar activities could be
tried by military courts.
59.
The confiscation act of 1861 established that the Union could free any slaves used for military purposes
that fell into their hands.
60.
The civil war nurse who later founded the Red
Cross was Clara Barton.
61.
The Union victories at Fort Henry and Fort
Donelson in February 1862 forced the Confederacy to withdraw from Kentucky and central Tennessee.
62.
Of the more than 20,000 individuals arrested for
suspected disloyalty or antiwar activities, most
were never charged with a specific crime or tried in court.
63.
During the Civil War, soldiers spent by far most
of their time in camp.
64.
Despite the Union’s superiority in manpower and
arms, Lincoln believed the Union could not win the war unless they controlled
the Mississippi River.
65.
Confederate officials established a policy of impressment, which allowed the army to seize private property
for its own use.
66.
Lincoln believed that General Winfield Scott’s
war strategy did not go far enough to defeat the
Confederacy.
67.
From the opening of the American Civil War,
Jefferson Davis’s interactions with Confederate officials were marked by disagreement and argument.
68.
What was the outcome of the battle at Shiloh? A Union victory with heavy casualties.
69.
General Lee surrendered to General Grant at Appomattox.
70.
Following the Battle of Antietam,
Lincoln declared that all slaves inside rebel lines would be freed on January
1, 1863, unless the rebel states gave their allegiance to the Union.
71.
To avoid going to war, a draftee on the Union
forces could hire a substitute.
Chapter 17
1.
The primary factor in the failure of
Reconstruction was racism.
2.
White southerners who supported the Republican
party were called scalawags.
3.
Which of the following are true of the
Wade-Davis bill?
Half of the white
adult males were required to take an oath of allegiance before drafting a new
state constitution.
It restricted
political power to the hardcore Unionists in each state.
Confederate states
were ruled temporarily by a military governor.
4.
In South Carolina, African Americans held
political office in approximate proportion to
their voting strength.
5.
President Johnson required that white
southerners take a loyalty oath to restore their
political rights.
6.
Which of the following characteristics of the
slave labor system did white landowners try to retain?
Physical punishment
Gang labor
Strict
superintendence
7.
Which of the following statements best describes
the Freedmen’s Bureau? It was a federal agency charged
with helping former slaves make the transition to freedom.
8.
In the Compromise of 1877, southern Democrats
agreed to respect the rights of African Americans.
9.
Which of the following tactics did Johnson use
to undermine congressional reconstruction?
The removal of
military commanders who strictly enforced Reconstruction laws
The attempted
removal of radical republicans from cabinet positions
An extremely narrow
interpretation of the reconstruction laws
10.
How did emancipation change African Americans’
views on work? They sought new places to work.
11.
The blank codes applied only to African
Americans and were modeled on states’ old slave
codes.
12.
Which of the following was not a provision of
the Wade-Davis bill? Former Confederate states must
extend suffrage to freedmen before being allowed to draw up a state
constitution.
13.
Which of the following are true about the
Freedman’s Bureau?
The bureau was in
charge of settling freedpeople on abandoned lands.
The bureau
established schools for black southerners.
The bureau provided
emergency food, clothing, and medical care to war refugees.
14.
The first legislatures to meet under the new
state constitutions were required to ratify the 14th
amendment.
15.
Which of the following best describes the
political power of African Americans in the South? There
was only one southern state where African Americans controlled one house of the
legislature.
16.
Which of the following were provisions of
Johnsons program for Reconstruction?
Only white
southerners who had taken the loyalty oath were allowed to vote
White southerners
were required to take a loyalty oath to the union before recovering their
political rights.
A military governor
would rule the states of the former confederacy temporarily
17.
White republicans who moved from the north to
the south during reconstruction were called carpetbaggers.
18.
Which of the following did Section 1 of the 14th
amendment not do? Forbid segregation in public schools.
19.
Which
of the following were provisions of the Civil Rights Act of 1875?
It prohibited
racial discrimination on all public transportation.
It prevented racial
discrimination in the composition of juries.
It prohibited
racial discrimination in public accommodations.
20.
The decision of the Democrats in 1875 to use as
much violence as necessary in order to triumph in the state election was called
the Mississippi Plan.
21.
Which of the following was not a common tactic
used to pressure, intimidate, or terrorize blacks and republicans? Black observers at the polls recording the names of other
blacks who voted republican.
22.
The democrats who took control of southern state
governments in the 1870s were knownas redeemers.
23.
The arrangement under which black families
cultivated private plots of land and then surrendered half of their annual crop
to the lands white landowner was called sharecropping.
24.
Congressional republicans
passed their own program of reconstruction in march 1867.
25.
The term carpetbaggers refers to whom? Northerners
26.
In which of the following was did the agent of
the freedmen’s bureau provide important help to planters?
By insisting that
black laborers work through the harvest
By encouraging
black laborers to be well behaved
By arresting
freedpeople who violated the terms of their contracts
27.
As a class, African Americans after the civil
war generally had no property and found it necessary to work for white landowners.
28.
The freedmen’s bureau was intended to protect freedpeople’s economic rights.
29.
Which of the following were significant
challenges facing black schools in the south?
Insufficient
schoolbooks
Physical
intimidation and violence
Large classes
30.
The most infamous of paramilitary organizations
created to terrorize blacks and white republicans was the ku Klux klan.
31.
The redeemers got their name because they
claimed to have “redeemed” the south from reconstruction.
32.
Which of the following best describes freed
African American parents’ attitude toward education? They
attended night school after their children had attended school during the day.
33.
President Johnson ruled that the second
confiscation act of 1862 applied only to wartime.
34.
Under the sharecropping system, an
African-American family typically cultivated an
individual plot of land that belonged to a white landowner.
35.
Which of the following was not a provision of
the first reconstruction act of march 1867? Segregation
in public places must be eliminated.
36.
True. The
forcible separation of black families during slavery remained a problem for
some African Americans after emancipation.
37.
True. Freedmen
believed they could advance themselves through eduction.
38.
Although sharecropping was more prestigious than
wage labor, it often led to African Americans
becoming mired in debt.
39.
What did white southerners think was the real
crime of the radical governments?
Allowing black
citizens to hold some offices.
Protecting the
civil rights of African Americans.
40.
Johnson’s unpopularity brought victory to the radical party in the 1866 election.
41.
The US Congress established the Freedmen’s
Courts in 1866 to provide African Americans a court
system free of racial discrimination.
42.
Johnson was a firm believer in which of the
following? White supremacy.
43.
Programs of amnesty
were made with varying degrees of exception for high confederate officials by
president Lincoln in 1863.
44.
The 15th amendment guaranteed the
right to vote regardless of race.
45.
During the civil war, the second confiscation
act authorized the government to seize and sell the property, including land,
of supporters of the rebellion.
46.
Which republican had become disillusioned with
reconstruction? Horace greeley
47.
The 10% plan proposed that in order for former
confederate states to organize a new state government, an oath of loyalty to
the union would be required from at least 10% of the
state’s qualified voters from 1860.
48.
In the election of 1866, the radicals used a
tactic called “waving the bloody shirt”.
49.
Which of the following republican promises
attracted white southerners to the party?
To restore
prosperity to the south
To build railroads
in isolated areas.
To build more
public schools.
50.
Which of the following best describes the
reaction of congress to johnson’s reconstruction program? Some democrats joined a few conservative republicans in
supporting the bill.
51.
Which of the following best describes the
difference in industrial development between the south and the north during
reconstruction? Although industrial development in the
south expanded, it still did not compare with that of the north.
52.
The attention of liberal republicans was
diverted from protecting the rights of freedpeople to which of the following
efforts? Opposing the corruption of governments in the
south.
53.
False. Freedmen’s
Bureau agents encouraged, but did not require, black laborers to sign contracts
specifying wages and working conditions.
54.
The largest group of scalawags were unionists.
55.
In the elections regarding new state
constitutions, whites boycotted the polls.
56.
The only other society in the Americas to
eliminate slavery through violence was Haiti.
57.
More than half of all southern republican
governors were carpetbaggers.
58.
After receiving the right to vote, the vast
majority of African American men supported the republican
party.
59.
Why did congress find it necessary to pass the
fourth reconstruction act? White southerners refused to
ratify the new state constitutions.
60.
Which of the following republican promises
attracted white southerners to the party?
To build railroads
in isolated areas
To restore
prosperity to the south
To build more
public schools
61.
White southerners found a new way to distance
themselves from African Americans after emancipation through the idea of segregation.
62.
President johnson’s impeachment
trial in 1868 contributed to the decline in the idealism of the republican
party.
63.
The nations attention was diverted from
reconstruction by the panic of 1873.
64.
After receiving the right to vote, black men
constituted what percentage of the republican voters in the south? 80%
65.
The freedmen’s bureau encouraged black laborers
to sign contracts that specified wages and conditions of their employment.
66.
Which of the following was not a common reaction
of African Americans to the labor demands of white landowners? They demanded free rent in the old slave quarters.
67.
In response to the first reconstruction act,
white southerners made no effort to register African
American voters.
68.
Which of the following best describes the 14th
amendment’s approach to the issue of political power in the south? Former confederate officials were effectively barred from
holding public office.
69.
Many northerners were disillusioned with
reconstruction despite the passage of civil rights
legislation.
70. False.
Lincoln dismissed the possibility of compensating former slave owners for their
prope